School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Sep 1;889:164220. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164220. Epub 2023 May 19.
The adverse health influences of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposures have been examined in several previous research. However, the evidence on the health influences of PAHs exposure during pregnancy and childhood is scarce, with no study on the infant's liver function. Therefore, in this study, the association of in-utero exposure to particulate matter-bound PAHs (PM-bound PAHs) on the umbilical liver enzymes was investigated.
A total of 450 mother-pair samples were assessed in this cross-sectional study in Sabzevar, Iran (2019-2021). The concentrations of PM-bound PAHs were estimated based on spatiotemporal models at residential addresses. The umbilical cord blood alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were measured as indicators of infant's liver function. The association of PM-bound PAHs with umbilical liver enzymes was evaluated using multiple linear regression, controlled for relevant covariates. The quantile g-computation (g-comp) was used to investigate the combined impact of the 15 PAHs on liver function biomarkers.
Higher levels of total 4-ring PAHs, Dibenzo[a,h]anthrancene, Anthracene, Pyrene, Benzo[a]anthracene, Phenanthrene, Fluorene, Acenaphthylene and Naphthalene were associated with higher umbilical ALP. An increase in total 5-ring PAHs, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene, Benzo[a]pyrene and Chrysene was associated with higher umbilical AST levels. Each 1 ng/m increase in exposure to Benzo[g,h,i]perylene was related with 182.21 U/L (95 % CI: 116.11, 248.31, P < 0.01) increase in umbilical GGT. PAHs mixture exposure was positively associated with higher umbilical AST and ALT, while no significant associations were noted for ALP and GGT. We observed a potentially stronger association for girls compared to boys based on umbilical ALT and AST. However, for GGT and ALP, these associations were stronger for boys compared to girls.
Overall our findings suggested that exposure to PAHs during pregnancy had adverse effects on infant's liver function.
多环芳烃（PAHs）暴露对健康的不良影响已在多项先前的研究中得到检验。然而，关于怀孕期间和儿童期 PAHs 暴露对健康的影响的证据很少，而且没有关于婴儿肝功能的研究。因此，在这项研究中，研究了宫内暴露于颗粒结合多环芳烃（PM 结合多环芳烃）对脐血肝酶的影响。
本横断面研究在伊朗萨布泽瓦尔（2019-2021 年）纳入了 450 对母婴样本。基于居住地址的时空模型估计了 PM 结合多环芳烃的浓度。测定了脐血碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）作为婴儿肝功能的指标。采用多元线性回归模型，控制了相关协变量，评估了 PM 结合多环芳烃与脐血肝酶的关系。采用分位数 g 计算（g-comp）来研究 15 种 PAHs 对肝功能生物标志物的综合影响。
总 4 环 PAHs、二苯并[a,h]蒽、蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽、荧蒽、芴、苊烯和萘的水平升高与脐血 ALP 升高有关。总 5 环 PAHs、苯并[g,h,i]苝、苯并[a]芘和屈的水平升高与脐血 AST 水平升高有关。暴露于 1ng/m 增加的苯并[g,h,i]苝与脐血 GGT 增加 182.21U/L（95%CI：116.11，248.31，P<0.01）有关。PAHs 混合物暴露与脐血 AST 和 ALT 升高呈正相关，而与 ALP 和 GGT 无显著关联。基于脐血 ALT 和 AST，我们观察到女孩的相关性比男孩更强，但对于 GGT 和 ALP，男孩的相关性比女孩更强。
总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，怀孕期间接触 PAHs 对婴儿的肝功能有不良影响。
