National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
Sci Rep. 2023 May 21;13(1):8204. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-35495-9.
For a sustainable environment and to tackle the pollution problem, industrial wastes can be used in concrete composite materials. This is especially beneficial in places prone to earth quack and lower temperature. In this study, five different types of waste fibres such as polyester waste, rubber waste, rock wool waste, glass fibre waste and coconut fibre waste were used as an additive in 0.5% 1%, and 1.5% by mass in concrete mix. Seismic performance related properties of the samples were examined through evaluation of compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength, split tensile strength, and thermal conductivity. Results showed that, impact strength of the concrete significantly improved by the addition of fibre reinforcement in concrete. Split tensile strength and flexural strength were significantly reduced. Thermal conductivity was also influenced by addition of polymeric fibrous waste. Microscopic analysis was performed to examine the fractured surfaces. In order to get the optimum mix ratio, multi response optimization technique was used to determine the desired level of impact strength at an acceptable level of other properties. Rubber waste was found to be the most attractive option followed by coconut fibre waste for the seismic application of concrete. The significance and percentage contribution of each factor was obtained by Analysis of variance ANOVA (α = 0.05) and pie chart which showed that Factor A (waste fibre type) is the main contributor. Confirmatory test was done on optimized waste material and their percentage. The order preference similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) technique was used for developed samples to obtain solution (sample) which is closest to ideal as per given weightage and preference for the decision making. The confirmatory test gives satisfactory results with error of 6.68%. Cost of reference sample and waste rubber reinforced concrete sample was estimated, which showed that 8% higher volume was achieved with waste fibre reinforced concrete at approximately same cost as pure concrete. Concrete reinforced with recycled fibre content is potentially beneficial in terms of minimizing resource depletion and waste. The addition of polymeric fibre waste in concrete composite not only improves seismic performance related properties but also reduces the environmental pollution from waste material which has no other end use.
为了实现环境的可持续性并解决污染问题，可以将工业废料应用于混凝土复合材料中。这在地震多发地区和低温地区尤其有益。在这项研究中，使用了五种不同类型的废纤维，如聚酯废料、橡胶废料、岩棉废料、玻璃纤维废料和椰壳纤维废料，以质量比 0.5%、1%和 1.5%的比例添加到混凝土混合物中。通过评估抗压强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度、劈裂拉伸强度和导热系数来检验样品的抗震性能相关特性。结果表明，通过在混凝土中添加纤维增强材料，显著提高了混凝土的冲击强度。劈裂拉伸强度和弯曲强度显著降低。添加聚合物纤维废料也会影响导热系数。进行了微观分析以检查断裂表面。为了获得最佳的混合比例，使用多响应优化技术来确定在可接受的其他性能水平下所需的冲击强度水平。研究发现，橡胶废料是最具吸引力的选择，其次是椰壳纤维废料，适用于混凝土的抗震应用。方差分析（α=0.05）和饼图获得了每个因素的重要性和贡献百分比，结果表明因素 A（废纤维类型）是主要贡献因素。对优化后的废料及其百分比进行了验证性测试。采用理想解法（TOPSIS）技术对开发的样品进行排序，以获得根据给定权重和决策偏好最接近理想的解决方案（样品）。验证性测试的误差为 6.68%，结果令人满意。对参考样品和废橡胶增强混凝土样品的成本进行了估算，结果表明，在相同成本下，用废纤维增强混凝土可获得 8%更高的体积。使用回收纤维增强的混凝土在最大限度地减少资源枯竭和废物方面具有潜在的益处。在混凝土复合材料中添加聚合物纤维废料不仅可以提高与抗震性能相关的特性，而且还可以减少没有其他最终用途的废料对环境的污染。
