Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
National Center for Neurological Disorders, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2023 Jul;10(7):1095-1105. doi: 10.1002/acn3.51792. Epub 2023 May 22.
As a potentially life-threatening condition, myasthenia gravis (MG) has limited epidemiological studies on mortality. We aim to provide demographic distribution, geographical variation, and temporal trend of MG-related mortality in China.
The national population-based analysis was conducted based on records derived from the National Mortality Surveillance System of China. All deaths related to MG were identified from 2013 to 2020, and MG-related mortality was evaluated by sex, age, location, and year.
A total of 4224 deaths were related to MG during 2013-2020, and the median age at death of MG was 59.45 years, significantly lower than that in the general population (75.47 years, P < 0.05). In 2020, the age-standardized mortality rate of MG was 1.86 per million people and markedly higher in males than in females (2.37 vs. 1.31 per million). The mortality rate per million was lower than 1 in young children, peaking at 2.83 only in males (vs. 0.36 in females) aged 10-19 years, and substantially increased with age, reaching the highest rate of 13.31 for males and 10.58 for females aged 80 years and older. Geographical disparity across China was observed with the highest age-standardized mortality rate in Southwest (2.53 per million). From 2013 to 2020, MG-related mortality rate showed an increasing trend with the average annual percentage change of 3.5% (95% CI, 1.4-5.6). The notable increases occurred in age 10-19 years and over 70 years.
In China, MG-related mortality was notably high among adolescent males and the elderly. The increasing death burden due to MG highlight challenges to disease management.
重症肌无力（MG）是一种潜在危及生命的疾病，目前仅有少数关于其死亡率的流行病学研究。本研究旨在提供中国 MG 相关死亡率的人口统计学分布、地理差异和时间趋势。
本研究基于中国国家死因监测系统的记录进行了全国性的人群分析。从 2013 年至 2020 年，确定了所有与 MG 相关的死亡病例，并按性别、年龄、地点和年份评估 MG 相关死亡率。
2013-2020 年期间，共有 4224 例与 MG 相关的死亡，MG 死亡患者的中位年龄为 59.45 岁，明显低于一般人群（75.47 岁，P<0.05）。2020 年，MG 的年龄标准化死亡率为 1.86/百万人，男性明显高于女性（2.37 比 1.31/百万人）。每百万人的死亡率在幼儿中低于 1，仅在 10-19 岁的男性中达到峰值（2.83 比女性中的 0.36），并随着年龄的增长而显著增加，在 80 岁及以上的男性中达到最高的 13.31，女性中达到 10.58。中国各地存在地理差异，西南地区的年龄标准化死亡率最高（2.53/百万人）。从 2013 年到 2020 年，MG 相关死亡率呈上升趋势，平均年变化率为 3.5%（95%CI，1.4-5.6）。在 10-19 岁和 70 岁以上的人群中，死亡率显著增加。
在中国，青少年男性和老年人的 MG 相关死亡率明显较高。MG 死亡率的增加突显了疾病管理面临的挑战。
