Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 May 4;14:1178691. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1178691. eCollection 2023.
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) is a common surgical anesthesia complication characterized by impairment of memory, attention, language understanding and social ability, which can lead to a decline in the quality of life of patients, prolong the hospitalization period and increase the mortality rate. PND has a high incidence rate, which has a great impact on postoperative recovery and quality of life of patients, and has caused a heavy economic burden to society and families. In recent years, PND has become an important public health problem. The high risk population of PND is more prone to gut microbiota imbalance, and gut microbiota may also affect the inflammatory response of the central nervous system through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Meanwhile, Neuroinflammation and immune activation are important mechanisms of PND. Regulating gut microbiota through probiotics or fecal bacteria transplantation can significantly reduce neuroinflammation, reduce the abnormal activation of immune system and prevent the occurrence of PND. This review summarizes the research progress of gut microbiota and PND, providing basis for the prevention and treatment of PND.
围手术期神经认知障碍（PND）是一种常见的手术麻醉并发症，其特征是记忆力、注意力、语言理解和社交能力受损，可导致患者生活质量下降、住院时间延长和死亡率增加。PND 的发病率较高，对术后恢复和患者生活质量影响较大，给社会和家庭带来了沉重的经济负担。近年来，PND 已成为重要的公共卫生问题。PND 的高危人群更易出现肠道菌群失衡，而肠道菌群也可能通过菌群-肠-脑轴影响中枢神经系统的炎症反应。同时，神经炎症和免疫激活是 PND 的重要机制。通过益生菌或粪便细菌移植调节肠道菌群，可显著减轻神经炎症，减少免疫系统异常激活，预防 PND 的发生。本综述总结了肠道菌群与 PND 的研究进展，为 PND 的防治提供了依据。
