Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, USA.
Prev Med. 2023 Aug;173:107554. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107554. Epub 2023 May 20.
Work-life interference has detrimental impacts on health outcomes. However, there are potential differences in these associations at the intersection of race/ethnicity and sex. The aim of this study was to examine whether race/ethnicity moderates the associations of work-life interference with health outcomes among women and men. Using data from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey on adults (age ≥ 18 years) who self-identified as non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, or non-Hispanic White in the U.S. (n = 17,492), the associations of work-life interference with self-rated health, psychological distress, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed using multiplicative interaction terms. Work-life interference was associated with higher log-odds of worse self-rated health (log-odds = 0.17, standard error (s.e.) = 0.06) and more psychological distress (β = 1.32, s.e. = 0.13) in men. Work-life interference was similarly positively associated with worse self-rated health (log-odds = 0.27, s.e. = 0.06) and psychological distress (β = 1.39, s.e. = 0.16) among women as well. A stronger association between work-life interference and psychological distress was observed among non-Hispanic Asian women compared to non-Hispanic White women (β = 1.42, s.e. = 0.52) and a stronger association between work-life interference and BMI was observed among non-Hispanic Black women compared to non-Hispanic White women (β = 3.97, s.e. = 1.93). The results suggest detrimental impacts of work-life interference on self-rated health and psychological distress. Yet, the variation in the associations of work-life interference with psychological distress and BMI among women suggest that an intersectional lens should be applied. Efforts to understand and address the negative effects of work-life interference on health should consider potentially unique associations across race/ethnicity and sex.
工作-生活干扰对健康结果有不利影响。然而，在种族/民族和性别的交叉点上，这些关联可能存在差异。本研究的目的是检验种族/民族是否调节了工作-生活干扰与女性和男性健康结果之间的关联。使用 2015 年美国全国健康访谈调查（年龄≥18 岁）成年人的数据，自我认定为非西班牙裔亚裔、非西班牙裔黑人、西班牙裔或非西班牙裔白人（n=17492），使用乘法交互项评估工作-生活干扰与自我报告健康、心理困扰和体重指数（BMI）之间的关联。工作-生活干扰与男性自我报告健康状况恶化的几率更高（对数几率=0.17，标准误差（s.e.）=0.06）和更多的心理困扰（β=1.32，s.e.=0.13）相关。工作-生活干扰与女性自我报告健康状况恶化（对数几率=0.27，s.e.=0.06）和心理困扰（β=1.39，s.e.=0.16）也呈正相关。与非西班牙裔白人女性相比，非西班牙裔亚裔女性中工作-生活干扰与心理困扰之间的关联更强（β=1.42，s.e.=0.52），与非西班牙裔白人女性相比，非西班牙裔黑人女性中工作-生活干扰与 BMI 之间的关联更强（β=3.97，s.e.=1.93）。结果表明，工作-生活干扰对自我报告健康和心理困扰有不利影响。然而，工作-生活干扰与心理困扰和 BMI 之间的关联在女性中的变化表明，应该应用交叉视角。理解和解决工作-生活干扰对健康的负面影响的努力应该考虑到种族/民族和性别的潜在独特关联。
