Institutional Research Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan.
J Occup Health. 2023 Jan-Dec;65(1):e12405. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12405.
We examined the associations of perceived psychosocial safety climate (PSC) with psychological distress and work engagement in Japanese employees. We also examined the mediation effects of job demands (i.e., psychological demands) and job resources (i.e., job control, worksite support, and extrinsic reward) in these associations.
A total of 2200 employees (1100 men and 1100 women) registered with a Japanese online survey company were surveyed using a self-administered web-based questionnaire containing the scales on PSC (12-item PSC scale), job demands and job resources (Job Content Questionnaire and Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire), psychological distress (K6 scale), and work engagement (9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale), and items on demographic and occupational characteristics (i.e., age, sex, education, occupation, work form, and working hours per week). A multiple mediation analysis with a bootstrap method was conducted.
After adjusting for demographic and occupational characteristics, significant negative and positive total effects of perceived PSC were observed on psychological distress and work engagement, respectively (c = -0.258 [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.298 to -0.219] and 0.383 [95% CI: 0.344-0.421], respectively). When we included job demands and job resources as mediators in the model, significant total mediation effects in these associations were observed (c - c' = -0.181 [95% CI: -0.221 to -0.143] and 0.269 [95% CI: 0.234-0.304], respectively).
Our findings suggest that perceived PSC is negatively associated with psychological distress and positively associated with work engagement, and that these associations are partially mediated (or explained) by job demands and job resources.
我们考察了感知心理社会安全氛围（PSC）与日本员工心理困扰和工作投入的关系。我们还考察了这些关系中工作需求（即心理需求）和工作资源（即工作控制、工作场所支持和外在奖励）的中介作用。
共有 2200 名员工（男性 1100 名，女性 1100 名）通过日本在线调查公司进行了调查，使用的是自我管理的基于网络的问卷，其中包含 PSC（12 项 PSC 量表）、工作需求和工作资源（工作内容问卷和努力-回报失衡问卷）、心理困扰（K6 量表）和工作投入（9 项乌得勒支工作投入量表）以及人口统计学和职业特征（即年龄、性别、教育、职业、工作形式和每周工作时间）的项目。采用 Bootstrap 方法进行了多重中介分析。
在调整了人口统计学和职业特征后，感知 PSC 对心理困扰和工作投入分别有显著的负向和正向总效应（c=-0.258 [95%置信区间（CI）：-0.298 至 -0.219]和 0.383 [95% CI：0.344-0.421]）。当我们将工作需求和工作资源作为中介变量纳入模型时，这些关系中的总中介效应显著（c-c'=-0.181 [95% CI：-0.221 至 -0.143]和 0.269 [95% CI：0.234-0.304]）。
我们的研究结果表明，感知 PSC 与心理困扰呈负相关，与工作投入呈正相关，这些关系部分由工作需求和工作资源中介（或解释）。
