Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, California.
School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2023 Sep;84(5):734-743. doi: 10.15288/jsad.22-00277. Epub 2023 May 18.
This study examined whether recreational marijuana legalization (RML) and local retail availability were associated with marijuana and alcohol use and co-use among adolescents.
We investigated associations between RML and past-30-day marijuana and alcohol use and co-use, and moderating effects of retail availability of marijuana and alcohol, using data from the 2010-2011 to 2018-2019 California Healthy Kids Surveys (CHKS) of 9th and 11th grade students in 38 California cities. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analyses were conducted, controlling for secular trends and student and city demographics. Additional analyses examined associations of RML and retail availability with co-use among subgroups of drinkers and marijuana users.
For the full sample, RML was inversely associated with alcohol use but was not significantly associated with marijuana use or co-use with alcohol. However, significant interactions between RML and marijuana outlet density showed that there were increases in marijuana and alcohol co-use and alcohol following legalization in cities with higher densities of marijuana outlets. RML was positively associated with co-use among non-heavy and heavy drinkers, but inversely related to co-use among occasional and frequent marijuana users. A significant positive interaction between RML and marijuana outlet density indicated that RML was associated with increases in co-use for occasional marijuana users in cities with higher densities of marijuana outlets.
RML was associated with increases in marijuana and alcohol co-use and alcohol use among California high school students, particularly those in cities with higher densities of retail cannabis stores, although this varied across alcohol and marijuana use subgroups.
本研究旨在探讨娱乐用大麻合法化（RML）和当地零售供应是否与青少年的大麻和酒精使用及共用有关。
我们利用 2010-2011 年至 2018-2019 年加利福尼亚州 38 个城市 9 年级和 11 年级学生的加利福尼亚健康儿童调查（CHKS）数据，调查了 RML 与过去 30 天大麻和酒精使用及共用之间的关联，以及大麻和酒精零售供应的调节作用。采用多层次混合效应逻辑回归分析，控制了时间趋势和学生及城市人口统计学特征。额外的分析检验了 RML 和零售供应与饮酒者和大麻使用者亚组中共同使用的关联。
在全样本中，RML 与酒精使用呈负相关，但与大麻使用或与酒精共用无显著关联。然而，RML 与大麻销售点密度之间的显著相互作用表明，在大麻销售点密度较高的城市，大麻和酒精共用以及酒精使用的增加。RML 与非重度和重度饮酒者的共用呈正相关，但与偶尔和经常使用大麻者的共用呈负相关。RML 与大麻销售点密度之间的显著正相互作用表明，RML 与大麻销售点密度较高的城市中偶尔使用大麻者的共用增加有关。
RML 与加利福尼亚州高中生大麻和酒精共用及酒精使用的增加有关，特别是在大麻零售商店密度较高的城市，尽管这在酒精和大麻使用亚组之间存在差异。
