Yurasek Ali M, Aston Elizabeth R, Metrik Jane
College of Health and Human Performance, Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, FLG 14, P. O. Box 118210, Gainesville, FL 32611-8210, USA.
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Curr Addict Rep. 2017 Jun;4(2):184-193. doi: 10.1007/s40429-017-0149-8. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the existing literature on the relationship between the co-use of cannabis and alcohol including (1) epidemiology, comorbidity, and associated consequences of cannabis and alcohol use disorders; (2) preclinical and clinical laboratory studies examining behavioral pharmacology of cannabis and alcohol co-use; and (3) clinical outcomes related to co-use.
Findings from the literature reviewed suggest that the co-use of alcohol and cannabis is associated with additive performance impairment effects, higher and more frequent consumption levels, increased social and behavioral consequences such as driving while impaired, and greater likelihood of the experiencing comorbid substance use and mental health disorders. Furthermore, co-use may be associated with worse clinical outcomes, yet there are few studies examining the development and evaluation of interventions on reducing the co-use of cannabis and alcohol.
There is a need for more rigorous and longitudinal research studies on the co-use of cannabis and alcohol to glean a more complete understanding of the relationship between the two substances. Findings can be used to develop and refine intervention strategies to successfully reduce cannabis and alcohol co-use.
本综述旨在概述关于大麻与酒精共同使用之间关系的现有文献，包括：（1）大麻和酒精使用障碍的流行病学、共病情况及相关后果；（2）研究大麻与酒精共同使用行为药理学的临床前和临床实验室研究；（3）与共同使用相关的临床结局。
所综述文献的研究结果表明，酒精与大麻共同使用与相加性的行为能力损害效应、更高且更频繁的消费水平、增加的社会和行为后果（如酒后驾车）以及共病物质使用和精神健康障碍的更高可能性相关。此外，共同使用可能与更差的临床结局相关，但很少有研究探讨减少大麻与酒精共同使用的干预措施的制定和评估。
需要对大麻与酒精的共同使用进行更严格的纵向研究，以更全面地了解这两种物质之间的关系。研究结果可用于制定和完善干预策略，以成功减少大麻与酒精的共同使用。
