Zangara Megan T, Darwish Lena, Coombes Brian K
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
EcoSal Plus. 2023 Dec 12;11(1):eesp00182022. doi: 10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0018-2022. Epub 2023 May 17.
The microbiome of Crohn's disease (CD) patients is composed of a microbial community that is considered dysbiotic and proinflammatory in nature. The overrepresentation of species is a common feature of the CD microbiome, and much attention has been given to understanding the pathogenic role this feature plays in disease activity. Over 2 decades ago, a new subtype called adherent-invasive (AIEC) was isolated and linked to ileal Crohn's disease. Since the isolation of the first AIEC strain, additional AIEC strains have been isolated from both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and non-IBD individuals using the original phenotypic characterization methods. Identification of a definitive molecular marker of the AIEC pathotype has been elusive; however, significant advancements have been made in understanding the genetic, metabolic, and virulence determinants of AIEC infection biology. Here, we review the current knowledge of AIEC pathogenesis to provide additional, objective measures that could be considered in defining AIEC and their pathogenic potential.
克罗恩病（CD）患者的微生物群由一个微生物群落组成，该群落本质上被认为是生态失调且促炎的。某些物种的过度存在是CD微生物群的一个共同特征，并且人们已经对理解这一特征在疾病活动中所起的致病作用给予了很多关注。二十多年前，一种名为黏附侵袭性大肠杆菌（AIEC）的新型亚型被分离出来，并与回肠克罗恩病相关联。自从分离出第一株AIEC菌株以来，使用原始的表型特征鉴定方法，又从炎症性肠病（IBD）患者和非IBD个体中分离出了其他AIEC菌株。确定AIEC致病型的明确分子标志物一直难以实现；然而，在理解AIEC感染生物学的遗传、代谢和毒力决定因素方面已经取得了重大进展。在这里，我们回顾了当前关于AIEC发病机制的知识，以提供在定义AIEC及其致病潜力时可考虑的额外客观指标。
