Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
Biomater Sci. 2023 Jun 27;11(13):4490-4507. doi: 10.1039/d3bm00505d.
Numerous novel nano-based ocular drug delivery systems have been developed to overcome the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems, which have demonstrated promising results in ocular disease models and clinical practice. Of all the nano-based drug delivery systems approved or under clinical investigation, topical instillation of eye drops is the most common route for administering therapeutics to the eye. Although this pathway is a viable way of ocular drug delivery to treat many ocular diseases because of its potential to eliminate the risks of intravitreal injection and the toxicity of systemic drug delivery, it remains a major challenge to efficiently treat posterior ocular diseases through topical administration of eye drops. So far, relentless efforts have been dedicated to the development of novel nano-based drug delivery systems with the aim of possible clinical translation. They are designed or modified to facilitate drug delivery to the retina by increasing the retention time, promoting drug penetration across barriers, and targeting specific cells or tissues. In this paper, we provided a snapshot of nano-based drug delivery systems that are currently marketed and under investigation in clinical trials for the treatment of ocular diseases and highlighted some examples of recent preclinical research on novel nano-based systems as eye drops to the posterior segment of the eye.
已经开发了许多新型基于纳米的眼部药物输送系统，以克服传统药物输送系统的局限性，这些系统在眼部疾病模型和临床实践中显示出了有前途的结果。在所有已批准或正在临床研究的基于纳米的药物输送系统中，局部滴眼是将治疗剂施用于眼部的最常见途径。尽管由于其能够消除玻璃体内注射的风险和全身药物输送的毒性，该途径是治疗许多眼部疾病的有效眼部药物输送方法，但通过局部滴眼来有效治疗后眼部疾病仍然是一个重大挑战。到目前为止，人们一直在不懈努力地开发新型基于纳米的药物输送系统，以期实现可能的临床转化。它们的设计或修饰旨在通过增加保留时间、促进药物穿透屏障以及靶向特定细胞或组织来促进药物递送到视网膜。在本文中，我们提供了当前市场上和正在临床试验中用于治疗眼部疾病的基于纳米的药物输送系统的快照，并强调了一些关于新型基于纳米的系统作为眼后段滴眼剂的最新临床前研究的例子。
