He Liyan, Yu Zhiming, Xu Xin, Zhu Jianan, Yuan Yongquan, Cao Xihua, Song Xiuxian
CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China.
Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao China.
Ecol Evol. 2023 May 22;13(5):e10127. doi: 10.1002/ece3.10127. eCollection 2023 May.
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have occurred more frequently in recent years. In this study, to investigate their potential impact in the Beibu Gulf, short-read and long-read metabarcoding analyses were combined for annual marine phytoplankton community and HAB species identification. Short-read metabarcoding showed a high level of phytoplankton biodiversity in this area, with Dinophyceae dominating, especially Gymnodiniales. Multiple small phytoplankton, including Prymnesiophyceae and Prasinophyceae, were also identified, which complements the previous lack of identifying small phytoplankton and those unstable after fixation. Of the top 20 phytoplankton genera identified, 15 were HAB-forming genera, which accounted for 47.3%-71.5% of the relative abundance of phytoplankton. Based on long-read metabarcoding, a total of 147 OTUs (PID > 97%) belonging to phytoplankton were identified at the species level, including 118 species. Among them, 37 species belonged to HAB-forming species, and 98 species were reported for the first time in the Beibu Gulf. Contrasting the two metabarcoding approaches at the class level, they both showed a predominance of Dinophyceae, and both included high abundances of Bacillariophyceae, Prasinophyceae, and Prymnesiophyceae, but the relative contents of the classes varied. Notably, the results of the two metabarcoding approaches were quite different below the genus level. The high abundance and diversity of HAB species were probably due to their special life history and multiple nutritional modes. Annual HAB species variation revealed in this study provided a basis for evaluating their potential impact on aquaculture and even nuclear power plant safety in the Beibu Gulf.
近年来，有害藻华（HABs）频繁发生。在本研究中，为调查其在北部湾的潜在影响，将短读长和长读长元条形码分析相结合，用于年度海洋浮游植物群落和有害藻华物种鉴定。短读长元条形码分析显示该区域浮游植物生物多样性水平较高，甲藻纲占主导，尤其是裸甲藻目。还鉴定出多种小型浮游植物，包括定鞭藻纲和绿藻纲，这弥补了以往在小型浮游植物鉴定以及固定后不稳定的小型浮游植物鉴定方面的不足。在鉴定出的前20个浮游植物属中，有15个是形成有害藻华的属，占浮游植物相对丰度的47.3%-71.5%。基于长读长元条形码分析，在物种水平上共鉴定出147个属于浮游植物的操作分类单元（OTU，相似度>97%），包括118个物种。其中，37个物种属于形成有害藻华的物种，98个物种是在北部湾首次报道。在纲水平上对比两种元条形码分析方法，它们都显示甲藻纲占主导，且都包含高丰度的硅藻纲、绿藻纲和定鞭藻纲，但各纲的相对含量有所不同。值得注意的是，两种元条形码分析方法在属水平以下的结果差异很大。有害藻华物种的高丰度和多样性可能归因于其特殊的生活史和多种营养模式。本研究揭示的年度有害藻华物种变化为评估其对北部湾水产养殖乃至核电站安全的潜在影响提供了依据。
