School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Marine Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in the South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Jul 10;196(8):721. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-12849-y.
This study was conducted during October 2021 (autumn) and April 2022 (spring) to explore the phytoplankton community structure, their distribution characteristics, and the influence of environmental factors in the coastal waters of the Southern Beibu Gulf. The 15 sampling sites were grouped based on the difference in offshore distance to analyze the temporal and spatial differences in community structure and environmental driving in the investigated sea area of the coastal waters of the Southern Beibu Gulf. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance was conducted on the sample data in time and space, revealing that there is no significant difference in space (p > 0.05), but there is significant difference in time (p < 0.05). Notably, water pressure, pH, chemical oxygen demand, nitrite, and labile phosphate were higher in autumn, while total ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, and suspended solids were significantly higher in spring. Additionally, the study identified 87 phytoplankton species belonging to 6 phyla, dominating by Bacillariophyta, followed by Dinophyta and Cyanophyta. The phytoplankton density, Shannon Weiner's diversity index (H'), Pielou's evenness index (J), and Margalef's richness index (D) ranged from 84.88 to 4675.33 cells L, 0.56 to 2.58, 0.26 to 0.89, and 1.21 to 3.64, respectively. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance showed non-significant spatial differences in phytoplankton composition (p > 0.05) but seasonal differences (p < 0.05). Furthermore, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) identified pH, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, nitrite, and labile phosphate as key environmental factors influencing the phytoplankton community structure (p < 0.05). In this study, the dynamic changes of phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors in the southern coastal waters of Beibu Gulf were analyzed in detail from two aspects of time and space. The key environmental factors to protect the ecological environment in the southern coastal area of Beibu Gulf were found out. It provides a reference method and theoretical basis for the management and protection of Beibu Gulf and other tropical marine environment.
本研究于 2021 年 10 月（秋季）和 2022 年 4 月（春季）进行，旨在探讨北部湾南部近岸海域浮游植物群落结构、分布特征及其环境因子的影响。根据离岸距离的差异将 15 个采样点分为组，分析调查海域的时空差异以及群落结构和环境驱动因素。对时空样本数据进行置换多元方差分析，结果表明，空间差异不显著（p＞0.05），但时间差异显著（p＜0.05）。值得注意的是，秋季的水压、pH 值、化学需氧量、亚硝酸盐和活性磷酸盐较高，而春季的总氨氮、溶解氧和悬浮物含量显著较高。此外，研究共鉴定出 87 种浮游植物，隶属于 6 个门，以硅藻为主，其次是甲藻和蓝藻。浮游植物密度、Shannon-Weiner 多样性指数（H'）、Pielou 均匀度指数（J）和 Margalef 丰富度指数（D）范围分别为 84.88 至 4675.33 个细胞/L、0.56 至 2.58、0.26 至 0.89 和 1.21 至 3.64。置换多元方差分析显示浮游植物组成在空间上无显著差异（p＞0.05），但季节差异显著（p＜0.05）。此外，典范对应分析（CCA）确定 pH 值、溶解氧、悬浮物、化学需氧量、亚硝酸盐和活性磷酸盐是影响浮游植物群落结构的关键环境因素（p＜0.05）。本研究从时间和空间两个方面详细分析了北部湾南部近岸海域浮游植物群落结构和环境因素的动态变化，找出了保护北部湾南部近岸海域生态环境的关键环境因素，为北部湾及其他热带海洋环境的管理和保护提供了参考方法和理论依据。
