Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2023;198:165-184. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.006. Epub 2023 Mar 17.
Higher-order DNA structure and gene expression are governed by epigenetic processes like DNA methylation and histone modifications. Abnormal epigenetic mechanisms are known to contribute to the emergence of numerous diseases, including cancer. Historically, the chromatin abnormalities were only considered to be limited to discrete DNA sequences and were thought to be associated with rare genetic syndrome however, recent discoveries have pointed to genome-wide level changes in the epigenetic machinery which has contributed to a better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying developmental and degenerative neuronal problems associated with diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Epilepsy, Multiple sclerosis, etc. In the given chapter we describe the epigenetic alterations seen in various neurological disorders and further discuss the influence of these epigenetic changes on developing novel therapies.
高级 DNA 结构和基因表达受表观遗传过程的调控，如 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰。已知异常的表观遗传机制有助于许多疾病的出现，包括癌症。历史上，染色质异常仅被认为局限于离散的 DNA 序列，并被认为与罕见的遗传综合征有关，然而，最近的发现表明，表观遗传机制在全基因组水平上发生了变化，这有助于更好地了解与帕金森病、亨廷顿病、癫痫、多发性硬化症等疾病相关的发育和退行性神经元问题的机制。在给定的章节中，我们描述了各种神经紊乱中观察到的表观遗传改变，并进一步讨论了这些表观遗传变化对开发新疗法的影响。
