Department of Biochemistry, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, 4, Patel Marg, Maurice Nagar, Delhi, 110007, India.
Department of Chemistry, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jun;30(30):75823-75837. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-27768-7. Epub 2023 May 25.
In solid waste management, pollution-free disposal of leaf waste in urban areas is still not standardized and adopted. According to the World Bank report, 57% of wastes generated in South East Asia are consisted of food and green waste, which can be recycled into valuable bio-compost. The present study shows a method of leaf litter waste management by composting it using essential microbe (EM) method. Different parameters, such as pH, electrical conductivity, macronutrients, micronutrients, and potentially toxic elements (PTE) were measured at zero to 50 days of composting using appropriate methods. The microbial composting was shown to mature within 20 to 40 days, and its maturity could be evaluated by the attainment of stable pH (8), electrical conductivity (0.9 mS/cm), and C:N ratio ≥ 20. The analysis was also performed on other bio-composts viz. kitchen waste compost, vermicompost, cow dung manure, municipal organic waste compost, and neem cake compost. The fertility index (FI) was evaluated based on six parameters viz. total carbon, total nitrogen, N ratio, phosphorus, potassium, and sulphur contents. The PTE values were used to calculate their clean index (CI). The results showed that leaf waste compost has a higher fertility index (FI = 4.06) than other bio-composts, except the neem cake compost (FI = 4.44). The clean index of the leaf waste compost (CI = 4.38) was also higher than other bio-composts. This indicates that leaf waste compost is a valuable bio-resource with high nutritive value and low PTE contamination, with a favourable prospective to be used in organic farming.
在固体废物管理中，城市地区的无污染树叶废物处理仍未标准化和采用。根据世界银行的报告，东南亚产生的废物中有 57%是由食物和绿色废物组成的，这些废物可以回收成有价值的生物堆肥。本研究展示了一种利用必需微生物（EM）方法对落叶废物进行堆肥处理的方法。使用适当的方法在 0 至 50 天的堆肥过程中测量了不同参数，如 pH 值、电导率、大量营养素、微量元素和潜在有毒元素（PTE）。微生物堆肥显示在 20 至 40 天内成熟，其成熟度可以通过达到稳定的 pH 值（8）、电导率（0.9 mS/cm）和 C:N 比≥20 来评估。还对其他生物堆肥进行了分析，如厨房废物堆肥、蚯蚓堆肥、牛粪堆肥、城市有机废物堆肥和印楝饼堆肥。根据总碳、总氮、N 比、磷、钾和硫含量等六个参数评估了肥力指数（FI）。使用 PTE 值来计算它们的清洁指数（CI）。结果表明，与其他生物堆肥（除印楝饼堆肥外，FI = 4.44）相比，树叶废物堆肥具有更高的肥力指数（FI = 4.06）。树叶废物堆肥的清洁指数（CI = 4.38）也高于其他生物堆肥。这表明树叶废物堆肥是一种有价值的生物资源，具有高营养价值和低 PTE 污染，有在有机农业中应用的良好前景。
