Mahongnao Sophayo, Sharma Pooja, Nanda Sarita
Department of Biochemistry, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, 4 Patel Marg, Maurice Nagar, Delhi, 110007 India.
3 Biotech. 2024 Sep;14(9):191. doi: 10.1007/s13205-024-04028-0. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
Sustainable waste management through composting has gain renewed attention since it could upcycle organic waste into valuable bio-organic fertiliser. This study explored the composition of fungal communities in leaf litter and organic waste composts ecosystems by employing advanced internal transcribed spacer (ITS) metagenomic profiling. This approach provides insights into the diversity, composition, and potential functions of these fungi, offering practical implications for optimising composting processes and enhancing sustainable waste management practices. Various organic composts were collected, including leaf litter composts, from different sources in Delhi-National Capital Region, India, and fungal microbiome composition were characterised through ITS profiling. Results revealed that leaf litter composts and cow dung manure had the highest fungal read counts, while kitchen waste compost had the lowest. Alpha diversity indices, including Chao1 and Shannon, exhibited differences in species richness and diversity among composts, though statistical significance was limited. The leaf composts had relatively higher alpha diversity than the other organic waste composts analysed. The study also identified dominant fungal genera specifically, , , , , across the compost samples. The presence of beneficial fungal genera like , , , , , and others were detected in leaf waste compost and the other organic waste composts. There was also presence of some pathogenic genera viz. , , and , in these composts which underscored the need for proper composting practices and source selection to optimise soil fertility and minimise disease risks in agriculture. Remarkably, leaf compost has highest proportion of beneficial genera with least observed abundance of pathogens. On the other hand, the municipal organic waste compost has least proportion of beneficial genera with higher abundance of pathogens. Overall, these findings contributed to characterisation of composting processes, advancing waste management practices, and enhancing the use of leaf compost as a bio-organic fertiliser.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04028-0.
通过堆肥实现可持续废物管理重新受到关注，因为它可以将有机废物升级转化为有价值的生物有机肥料。本研究通过采用先进的内转录间隔区（ITS）宏基因组分析方法，探索了落叶和有机垃圾堆肥生态系统中真菌群落的组成。这种方法能够深入了解这些真菌的多样性、组成和潜在功能，为优化堆肥过程和加强可持续废物管理实践提供了实际意义。从印度德里国家首都辖区的不同来源收集了各种有机堆肥，包括落叶堆肥，并通过ITS分析对真菌微生物群落组成进行了表征。结果显示，落叶堆肥和牛粪的真菌读数最高，而厨余垃圾堆肥的真菌读数最低。包括Chao1和香农指数在内的α多样性指数显示，不同堆肥之间在物种丰富度和多样性上存在差异，不过统计显著性有限。落叶堆肥的α多样性相对高于所分析的其他有机垃圾堆肥。该研究还确定了堆肥样品中的优势真菌属，具体为 ， ， ， ， 。在落叶垃圾堆肥和其他有机垃圾堆肥中检测到了有益真菌属如 ， ， ， ， 等的存在。这些堆肥中还存在一些致病属，即 ， ， ，这突出表明需要采取适当的堆肥措施和选择合适的来源，以优化土壤肥力并降低农业中的疾病风险。值得注意的是，落叶堆肥中有益属的比例最高，而观察到的病原体丰度最低。另一方面，城市有机垃圾堆肥中有益属的比例最低，病原体丰度较高。总体而言，这些发现有助于堆肥过程的表征，推动废物管理实践，并加强落叶堆肥作为生物有机肥料的应用。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13205-024-04028-0获取的补充材料。
