烧伤中心在治疗坏死性软组织感染中的作用:一项全国性荷兰研究。

The Role of Burn Centers in the Treatment of Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infections: A Nationwide Dutch Study.

机构信息

Burn Centre, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.

Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.

出版信息

J Burn Care Res. 2023 Nov 2;44(6):1405-1412. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/irad073.

Abstract

Patients with extensive and complex wounds due to Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infections (NSTI) may be referred to a burn center. This study describes the characteristics, outcomes, as well as diagnostic challenges of these patients. Patients admitted to three hospitals with a burn center for the treatment of NSTI in a 5-year period were included. Eighty patients (median age 54 years, 60% male) were identified, of whom 30 (38%) were referred by other centers, usually after survival of the initial septic phase. Those referred from other centers, compared to those primarily admitted to the study hospitals, were more likely to have group A streptococcal involvement (62% vs 35%, p = .02), larger wounds (median 7% vs 2% total body surface area, p < .001), and a longer length of stay (median 49 vs 22 days, p < .001). Despite a high incidence of septic shock (50%), the mortality rate was low (12%) for those primarily admitted. Approximately half (53%) of the patients were initially misdiagnosed upon presentation, which was associated with delay to first surgery (16 hours vs 4 hours, p < .001). Those initially misdiagnosed had more (severe) comorbidities, and less frequently reported pain or blue livid discoloration of the skin. This study underlines the burn centers' function as referral centers for extensively affected patients with NSTI. Besides the unique wound and reconstructive expertise, the low mortality rate indicates these centers provide adequate acute care as well. A major remaining challenge remains recognition of the disease upon presentation. Future studies in which factors associated with misdiagnosis are explored are needed.

摘要

患有广泛而复杂的坏死性软组织感染(NSTI)伤口的患者可能会被转至烧伤中心。本研究描述了这些患者的特征、结局以及诊断挑战。纳入了在 5 年期间因 NSTI 被送至设有烧伤中心的 3 家医院的患者。共确定了 80 名患者(中位年龄 54 岁,60%为男性),其中 30 名(38%)由其他中心转来,通常是在初始脓毒症阶段存活后转来的。与主要收治于研究医院的患者相比,由其他中心转来的患者更可能存在 A 组链球菌感染(62% vs. 35%,p =.02)、更大的伤口(中位面积为 7% vs. 2%,总体表面积,p <.001)以及更长的住院时间(中位 49 天 vs. 22 天,p <.001)。尽管有 50%的患者发生了感染性休克,但主要收治于研究医院的患者的死亡率较低(12%)。约有一半(53%)的患者在就诊时最初被误诊,这与首次手术的延迟有关(16 小时 vs. 4 小时,p <.001)。最初被误诊的患者合并症更多(更严重),且较少报告疼痛或皮肤蓝紫色瘀斑。本研究强调了烧伤中心作为广泛受累的 NSTI 患者的转诊中心的作用。除了独特的伤口和重建专业知识外,低死亡率表明这些中心还提供了充足的急性护理。目前仍然存在的一个主要挑战是在就诊时识别这种疾病。需要开展进一步的研究来探索与误诊相关的因素。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0efd/10628513/c64cf3d31eaa/irad073_fig1.jpg

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