Künzel Hartwig, Dewsbury Mark
Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics, Holzkirchen, Germany.
University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia.
UCL Open Environ. 2022 Jul 15;4:e037. doi: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000037. eCollection 2022.
Moisture-related damage is still a formidable cost factor in the building sector. Besides installation deficiencies, moisture control design failures are the most frequent reasons for moisture problems. Therefore, adequate moisture control analysis has become the key for sustainable buildings. However, by only focusing on vapour diffusion other important moisture loads such as driving rain, construction moisture or air infiltration are mostly neglected. Therefore, international moisture control standards often refer to simulation models for more realistic analysis, leaving many practitioners wondering how to handle these tools. To overcome this dilemma, the updated German moisture control standard has introduced a three-pathway approach for design evaluation: first, deemed to satisfy list, second, restricted Glaser calculation and third, fully fledged hygrothermal simulation. The third pathway includes the option to account for small leaks or imperfections in building envelope components. Guidelines in other countries are also embracing similar moisture control approaches which gives hope for more durable and sustainable building design. To reach this aim, moisture control should also become an integral part of the design process instead of a secondary chore.
在建筑领域，与湿气相关的损坏仍是一个巨大的成本因素。除了安装缺陷外，湿气控制设计失误是导致湿气问题的最常见原因。因此，进行充分的湿气控制分析已成为可持续建筑的关键。然而，仅关注蒸汽扩散时，其他重要的湿气负荷，如风雨渗透、施工湿气或空气渗透，大多被忽视。因此，国际湿气控制标准通常会参考模拟模型进行更实际的分析，这让许多从业者不知如何使用这些工具。为克服这一困境，更新后的德国湿气控制标准引入了一种用于设计评估的三途径方法：第一，认定符合清单；第二，受限的格拉泽计算；第三，全面的湿热模拟。第三条途径包括考虑建筑围护结构组件中的小泄漏或缺陷的选项。其他国家的指南也在采用类似的湿气控制方法，这为更持久和可持续的建筑设计带来了希望。为实现这一目标，湿气控制也应成为设计过程的一个组成部分，而不是一项次要任务。
