Clark Kenneth P, Ryan Laurence J, Meng Christopher R, Stearne David J
Department of Kinesiology, West Chester University of PA, USA.
Independent Researcher, Dallas, TX, USA.
J Hum Kinet. 2023 Apr 20;87:1-9. doi: 10.5114/jhk/159578. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Horizontal foot speed is fundamental for running synchronization and stability, and may also be important for sprinting performance. In this investigation, we quantified the following during steady-speed running: (a) peak forward foot speed during the swing phase, (b) backward foot speed at touchdown, and (c) ground speed difference (GSD), i.e., the difference between forward running speed and backward foot speed at touchdown. We hypothesized that forward and backward foot speed would be significantly and positively correlated with top speed, and that GSD would be significantly and negatively correlated with top speed. Participants (20 male, 20 female) completed 40-m submaximal and maximal-effort running trials, with kinematic data collected from 31-39 m. Across top speed trials, forward foot speed (r = 0.90, p < 0.001) and backward foot speed (r = 0.85, p < 0.001) were significantly and positively correlated with running speed. However, counter to expectations, GSD values slightly increased with top speed (r = 0.36, p = 0.027). These findings indicate that forward and backward foot speeds are important variables for sprinting performance, but faster runners may not necessarily exhibit lower GSD values at top speed.
水平步速对于跑步的同步性和稳定性至关重要，对于短跑成绩可能也很重要。在本研究中，我们在匀速跑步过程中对以下指标进行了量化：(a) 摆动阶段的峰值向前步速，(b) 着地时的向后步速，以及 (c) 地速差（GSD），即向前跑步速度与着地时向后步速之间的差值。我们假设向前和向后步速与最高速度将呈显著正相关，并且地速差与最高速度将呈显著负相关。参与者（20名男性，20名女性）完成了40米次最大强度和最大努力跑步试验，并在31 - 39米处收集运动学数据。在最高速度试验中，向前步速（r = 0.90，p < 0.001）和向后步速（r = 0.85，p < 0.001）与跑步速度呈显著正相关。然而，与预期相反，地速差值随最高速度略有增加（r = 0.36，p = 0.027）。这些发现表明，向前和向后步速是短跑成绩的重要变量，但速度较快的跑步者在最高速度时不一定表现出更低的地速差值。
