Department of Veterinary Medicine, Bihar Veterinary College, Bihar Animal Sciences University, Patna, Bihar, India.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Bihar Veterinary College, Bihar Animal Sciences University, Patna, Bihar, India.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2023 Jun;97:101992. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.101992. Epub 2023 May 9.
Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by rabies virus of the genus Lyssa virus and family Rhabdoviridae. It affects all mammals and is prevalent throughout the world and endemic in many countries except in Islands like Australia and Antarctica. It is highly fatal, but preventable. Disease causes threat to public health because rabid dogs bite humans, resulting in thousands of deaths every year. Around 59,000 people die every year from rabies in the world. Dogs play a vital role in most of the human exposure in rabies endemic areas. Transmission of virus occurs through the bite of an infected dog. Disease is manifested by fatal nervous symptoms leading to paralysis and death. Direct fluorescent antibody technique is the gold standard for the diagnosis of the disease in animals and humans. Prevention of rabies involves the vaccination of dogs and humans before or after an exposure. This review describes the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, its prevention and control strategies.
狂犬病是一种由狂犬病病毒属和弹状病毒科引起的人畜共患疾病。它影响所有哺乳动物，在全世界广泛流行，在许多国家流行，除了澳大利亚和南极洲等岛屿。狂犬病是一种高度致命但可预防的疾病。由于狂犬病狗咬伤人类，对公共卫生构成威胁，每年导致数千人死亡。全世界每年约有 59000 人死于狂犬病。在狂犬病流行地区，狗在大多数人类接触中起着至关重要的作用。病毒通过受感染狗的咬伤传播。疾病表现为致命的神经症状，导致瘫痪和死亡。直接荧光抗体技术是动物和人类狂犬病诊断的金标准。狂犬病的预防包括在暴露前后对狗和人类进行疫苗接种。本文综述了狂犬病的病因、发病机制、诊断及其预防和控制策略。
