护士导师作为导师和护士的工作重塑策略及其对护理缺失的影响：一项横断面研究。
Job crafting strategies of nurse mentors as mentors and nurses and their impact on missed nursing care: A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel; The Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
出版信息
Nurse Educ Today. 2023 Aug;127:105844. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105844. Epub 2023 May 18.
BACKGROUND
Nurse mentors face challenging circumstances because of their dual role as nurses and mentors. As nurses, they are expected to provide high-quality care for patients and as mentors, they are concomitantly engaged with developing the next generation of nurses.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the relationship between job crafting strategies and missed nursing care among nurse mentors, in their roles as nurses and mentors.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional design.
SETTING
Various wards and hospitals during 2021.
PARTICIPANTS
Eighty nurse mentors responsible for supervising nursing students.
METHODS
Participants completed on-line survey, including the MISSCARE questionnaire, the Job Crafting Scale, and control variables. SPSS was used to conduct two multivariable linear regressions.
RESULTS
As a nurse, higher enhancing structural job resources was significantly associated with lower missed nursing care, while higher enhancing social job resources was significantly associated with higher missed nursing care. As a mentor, higher enhancing structural job resources was significantly associated with lower missed care, while higher enhancing challenging job demands was significantly associated with higher missed care.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that not all job crafting strategies are effective in maintaining high-quality care among nurse mentors. In their dual role as nurses and mentors, nurse mentors often face a Catch-22 situation, namely, meeting expectations of both students and patients. Thus, they increase their job resources and challenging demands; however, not all strategies improve the quality of care. Nursing policymakers and managers should provide tailored interventions that enhance the structural job resources of nurse mentors and avoid the use of challenging job demands and social job resource strategies when mentoring nursing students.
背景
护士导师由于其护士和导师的双重角色，面临着具有挑战性的情况。作为护士，他们需要为患者提供高质量的护理，而作为导师，他们同时致力于培养下一代护士。
目的
考察护士导师在护士和导师角色中，工作重塑策略与护理缺失之间的关系。
设计
横断面设计。
设置
2021 年期间的各个病房和医院。
参与者
负责监督护理学生的 80 名护士导师。
方法
参与者完成在线调查，包括 MISSCARE 问卷、工作重塑量表和控制变量。使用 SPSS 进行了两次多变量线性回归。
结果
作为护士，增强结构工作资源与较低的护理缺失显著相关，而增强社会工作资源与较高的护理缺失显著相关。作为导师，增强结构工作资源与较低的护理缺失显著相关，而增强挑战性工作需求与较高的护理缺失显著相关。
结论
结果表明，并非所有工作重塑策略都能有效维持护士导师的高质量护理。在护士和导师的双重角色中，护士导师经常面临一个两难的境地，即既要满足学生的期望，又要满足患者的期望。因此，他们增加了工作资源和挑战性需求；然而，并非所有策略都能提高护理质量。护理政策制定者和管理者应提供有针对性的干预措施，增强护士导师的结构工作资源，并在指导护理学生时避免使用挑战性工作需求和社会工作资源策略。
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