Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
Division of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Eur Radiol. 2023 Nov;33(11):7646-7655. doi: 10.1007/s00330-023-09756-0. Epub 2023 May 26.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been increasingly used to create accurate patient-specific 3D-printed models from medical imaging data. We aimed to evaluate the utility of 3D-printed models in the localization and understanding of pancreatic cancer for surgeons before pancreatic surgery.
Between March and September 2021, we prospectively enrolled 10 patients with suspected pancreatic cancer who were scheduled for surgery. We created an individualized 3D-printed model from preoperative CT images. Six surgeons (three staff and three residents) evaluated the CT images before and after the presentation of the 3D-printed model using a 7-item questionnaire (understanding of anatomy and pancreatic cancer [Q1-4], preoperative planning [Q5], and education for trainees or patients [Q6-7]) on a 5-point scale. Survey scores on Q1-5 before and after the presentation of the 3D-printed model were compared. Q6-7 assessed the 3D-printed model's effects on education compared to CT. Subgroup analysis was performed between staff and residents.
After the 3D-printed model presentation, survey scores improved in all five questions (before 3.90 vs. after 4.56, p < 0.001), with a mean improvement of 0.57‒0.93. Staff and resident scores improved after a 3D-printed model presentation (p < 0.05), except for Q4 in the resident group. The mean difference was higher among the staff than among the residents (staff: 0.50‒0.97 vs. residents: 0.27‒0.90). The scores of the 3D-printed model for education were high (trainees: 4.47 vs. patients: 4.60) compared to CT.
The 3D-printed model of pancreatic cancer improved surgeons' understanding of individual patients' pancreatic cancer and surgical planning.
The 3D-printed model of pancreatic cancer can be created using a preoperative CT image, which not only assists surgeons in surgical planning but also serves as a valuable educational resource for patients and students.
• A personalized 3D-printed pancreatic cancer model provides more intuitive information than CT, allowing surgeons to better visualize the tumor's location and relationship to neighboring organs. • In particular, the survey score was higher among staff who performed the surgery than among residents. • Individual patient pancreatic cancer models have the potential to be used for personalized patient education as well as resident education.
三维（3D）打印技术越来越多地用于从医学成像数据中创建精确的患者特异性 3D 打印模型。我们旨在评估在胰腺手术前，3D 打印模型在胰腺癌的定位和理解方面对外科医生的作用。
在 2021 年 3 月至 9 月期间，我们前瞻性地招募了 10 名疑似患有胰腺癌且计划接受手术的患者。我们使用术前 CT 图像创建了个性化的 3D 打印模型。六名外科医生（三名主治医生和三名住院医生）使用 7 项问卷（对解剖结构和胰腺癌的理解 [Q1-4]、术前计划 [Q5] 和对学员或患者的教育 [Q6-7]），在 5 分制上对 CT 图像进行评估。比较了 3D 打印模型呈现前后 Q1-5 的调查评分。Q6-7 评估了与 CT 相比，3D 打印模型对教育的影响。在主治医生和住院医生之间进行了亚组分析。
3D 打印模型呈现后，所有五个问题的评分都有所提高（呈现前 3.90 分，呈现后 4.56 分，p<0.001），平均提高 0.57-0.93。3D 打印模型呈现后，主治医生和住院医生的评分都有所提高（p<0.05），除了住院医生组的 Q4。主治医生的平均差值高于住院医生（主治医生：0.50-0.97 vs. 住院医生：0.27-0.90）。3D 打印模型在教育方面的评分较高（学员：4.47 分，患者：4.60 分），与 CT 相比。
胰腺癌的 3D 打印模型提高了外科医生对个体患者胰腺癌和手术计划的理解。
术前 CT 图像可用于创建胰腺癌的 3D 打印模型，不仅有助于外科医生进行手术规划，还可作为患者和学生的宝贵教育资源。
• 个性化的胰腺癌 3D 打印模型比 CT 提供更直观的信息，使外科医生能够更好地观察肿瘤的位置及其与周围器官的关系。• 特别是，进行手术的主治医生的评分高于住院医生。• 个体患者的胰腺癌症模型有潜力用于个性化患者教育以及住院医生教育。
