Global Research and Technology Centre, H&H Group, H&H Research, Fermoy, Ireland.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Sep;64(26):9618-9636. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2214628. Epub 2023 May 26.
As food transits the gastrointestinal tract, food structures are disrupted and nutrients are absorbed across the gut barrier. In the past decade, great efforts have focused on the creation of a consensus gastrointestinal digestion protocol (i.e., INFOGEST method) to mimic digestion in the upper gut. However, to better determine the fate of food components, it is also critical to mimic food absorption . This is usually performed by treating polarized epithelial cells (i.e., differentiated Caco-2 monolayers) with food digesta. This food digesta contains digestive enzymes and bile salts, and if following the INFOGEST protocol, at concentrations that although physiologically relevant are harmful to cells. The lack of a harmonized protocol on how to prepare the food digesta samples for downstream Caco-2 studies creates challenges in comparing inter laboratory results. This article aims to critically review the current detoxification practices, highlight potential routes and their limitations, and recommend common approaches to ensure food digesta is biocompatible with Caco-2 monolayers. Our ultimate aim is to agree a harmonized consensus protocol or framework for studies focused on the absorption of food components across the intestinal barrier.
当食物在胃肠道中移动时，食物结构会被破坏，营养物质会穿过肠道屏障被吸收。在过去的十年中，人们致力于创建一个共识性的胃肠道消化方案（即 INFOGEST 方法），以模拟上胃肠道的消化。然而，为了更好地确定食物成分的命运，模仿食物吸收也至关重要。这通常通过用食物消化物处理极化的上皮细胞（即分化的 Caco-2 单层细胞）来实现。这些食物消化物包含消化酶和胆汁盐，如果遵循 INFOGEST 方案，其浓度虽然与生理相关，但对细胞是有害的。由于缺乏用于下游 Caco-2 研究的食物消化物样品制备的协调方案，因此在比较实验室间结果时会遇到挑战。本文旨在批判性地回顾当前的解毒实践，强调潜在途径及其局限性，并推荐常用方法以确保食物消化物与 Caco-2 单层细胞具有生物相容性。我们的最终目标是就研究肠道屏障吸收食物成分的吸收达成一致的共识方案或框架。
