Arranz Elena, Tsochatzis Emmanouil D, Hashemi Negin, Møller Hanne Søndergaard, Corredig Milena
Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) & Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM + CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
Curr Res Food Sci. 2025 May 19;10:101086. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2025.101086. eCollection 2025.
The objective of this project was to follow the fate of nano and microplastic particles during gastrointestinal transfer. Polystyrene latex nano (60 nm) and micro (1 μm) beads were employed as model system for microplastic particles and mixed (68 mg/mL) with 5 % (w/v) whey protein solution to study the food effect. The digestion of this mixture was then subjected to the INFOGEST digestion protocol. Residual particles in the digesta were then loaded on 21 days differentiated co-cultures of Caco-2/HT29-MTX, to further determine their potential transfer through intestinal monolayers. Digested samples diluted 1:16, showed no cytotoxic effect on Caco-2 cells, possibly due to the presence of a protective mucus layer. Digestion and permeability experiments were further analysed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and different monomers (styrene), styrene oligomers (1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol; 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene; 1,2-diphenylcyclopropane; α-methyl benzenemethanol), other intentionally added substances (caprolactam, benzaldehyde, di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate) and non-intentionally added substances (e.g. 2,4-di-tert butylphenol, isophthalaldehyde) were identified. Analysis of the basolateral fraction indicated a notable transfer of these compounds through cell membranes. This holistic approach using a food matrix to follow the fate of microplastic during digestion leads to a better understanding of the risks of microplastics and nanoplastics through food.
该项目的目的是追踪纳米和微塑料颗粒在胃肠道转运过程中的去向。使用聚苯乙烯乳胶纳米珠（60纳米）和微珠（1微米）作为微塑料颗粒的模型系统，并将其与5%（w/v）的乳清蛋白溶液混合（68毫克/毫升），以研究食物的影响。然后按照INFOGEST消化方案对该混合物进行消化。接着将消化物中的残留颗粒加载到分化21天的Caco-2/HT29-MTX共培养物上，以进一步确定它们通过肠道单层的潜在转运情况。稀释1:16的消化样品对Caco-2细胞没有细胞毒性作用，这可能是由于存在保护性黏液层。使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对消化和渗透性实验进行了进一步分析，并鉴定出了不同的单体（苯乙烯）、苯乙烯低聚物（1-苯基-1,2-乙二醇；1,4-二苯基-1,3-丁二烯；1,2-二苯基环丙烷；α-甲基苯甲醇）、其他有意添加的物质（己内酰胺、苯甲醛、邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯）和非有意添加的物质（如2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、间苯二甲醛）。对基底外侧部分的分析表明这些化合物通过细胞膜有明显的转运。这种使用食物基质追踪微塑料在消化过程中去向的整体方法有助于更好地理解通过食物摄入微塑料和纳米塑料的风险。
