Diwan Thamer, Abudi Zaidun N, Al-Furaiji Mustafa H, Nijmeijer Arian
Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq.
Technical Directorate, Ministry of Environment, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
Membranes (Basel). 2023 Apr 28;13(5):474. doi: 10.3390/membranes13050474.
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is a popular polymer that can be made into membranes using various techniques, such as electrospinning and phase inversion. Electrospinning is a novel technique that produces nonwoven nanofiber-based membranes with highly tunable properties. In this research, electrospun PAN nanofiber membranes with various concentrations (10, 12, and 14% PAN/dimethylformamide (DMF)) were prepared and compared to PAN cast membranes prepared by the phase inversion technique. All of the prepared membranes were tested for oil removal in a cross-flow filtration system. A comparison between these membranes' surface morphology, topography, wettability, and porosity was presented and analyzed. The results showed that increasing the concentration of the PAN precursor solution increases surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and porosity and, consequently, enhances the membrane performance. However, the PAN cast membranes showed a lower water flux when the precursor solution concentration increased. In general, the electrospun PAN membranes performed better in terms of water flux and oil rejection than the cast PAN membranes. The electrospun 14% PAN/DMF membrane gave a water flux of 250 LMH and a rejection of 97% compared to the cast 14% PAN/DMF membrane, which showed a water flux of 117 LMH and 94% oil rejection. This is mainly because the nanofibrous membrane showed higher porosity, higher hydrophilicity, and higher surface roughness compared to the cast PAN membranes at the same polymer concentration. The porosity of the electrospun PAN membrane was 96%, while it was 58% for the cast 14% PAN/DMF membrane.
聚丙烯腈（PAN）是一种常用的聚合物，可通过多种技术制成膜，如静电纺丝和相转化法。静电纺丝是一种新型技术，可生产具有高度可调性能的非织造纳米纤维基膜。在本研究中，制备了不同浓度（10%、12%和14% PAN/二甲基甲酰胺（DMF））的静电纺PAN纳米纤维膜，并与通过相转化技术制备的PAN浇铸膜进行了比较。所有制备的膜都在错流过滤系统中进行了除油测试。对这些膜的表面形态、形貌、润湿性和孔隙率进行了比较和分析。结果表明，提高PAN前驱体溶液的浓度会增加表面粗糙度、亲水性和孔隙率，从而提高膜性能。然而，当前驱体溶液浓度增加时，PAN浇铸膜的水通量较低。总体而言，静电纺PAN膜在水通量和拒油性能方面比浇铸PAN膜表现更好。与浇铸14% PAN/DMF膜相比，静电纺14% PAN/DMF膜的水通量为250 LMH，拒油率为97%，而浇铸14% PAN/DMF膜的水通量为117 LMH，拒油率为94%。这主要是因为在相同聚合物浓度下，纳米纤维膜比浇铸PAN膜具有更高的孔隙率、更高的亲水性和更高的表面粗糙度。静电纺PAN膜的孔隙率为96%，而浇铸14% PAN/DMF膜的孔隙率为58%。
