Wankhede Mukesh P, Tamgdge Avinash, Anjali A K, Vidhale Rutuja G, Pereira Treville, Lalai Megha N
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, D. Y. Patil School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil Deemed to be University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Under Graduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, D. Y. Patil School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil Deemed to be University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2023 Jan-Mar;27(1):121-129. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_275_22. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
Sexual dimorphism practically involves differences in size and appearance of the same species which does not involve the difference in sexual organs. A significant variation also occurs with the tooth size, shape, etc., which plays a critical role in sex determination. Forensic investigations are used in defining the number of missing people whose skeletal remains are unknown. Depending on the available bones and their state, a variety of methods with varying degrees of reliability are available for identifying unknown remains.
Fifty male and 50 female patients in the age group 20-30 years were randomly selected after taking a detailed history. All maxillary impressions were made with alginate and poured into a dental stone. These casts were measured for intercanine width, interpremolar width, and intermolar width using a digital vernier caliper, and findings were correlated with sexual dimorphism.
Intercanine width between the tips of right and left maxillary canine was measured in males and females at 36.08 ± 2.04 mm (Range: 30.05-41.64 mm) and in females, the mean intercanine width was 34.31 ± 1.75 mm (Range: 28.35-39.01 mm), respectively. Interpremolar width between the distal pits of right and left first premolars was measured in males and females at 38.97 ± 2.10 mm (Range: 33.94-45.21 mm) and in females, the mean interpremolar width was 36.92 ± 1.87 mm (Range: 31.34 mm), respectively. Intermolar width between the central fossae of right and left first molars was measured in males and females at 50.43 ± 2.25 mm (Range: 44.16-56.84 mm) and in females, the mean intermolar width was 47.90 ± 2.06 mm (Range: 42.66-54.63 mm), respectively.
In males, the mean value of the combination of intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar widths was 125.47 ± 5.61 mm (Range: 108.15-141.86 mm) and in females, it was 119.12 ± 5.05 mm (Range: 103.25-134.36 mm). Mean values of all combinations were larger in males than in females. Thereby, maxillary arch widths contribute to accuracy in determining the gender of the individual.
性二态性实际上涉及同一物种在大小和外观上的差异，但不涉及性器官的差异。牙齿的大小、形状等也存在显著差异，这在性别鉴定中起着关键作用。法医调查用于确定骨骼遗骸不明的失踪人员数量。根据现有骨骼及其状态，有多种可靠性程度不同的方法可用于识别不明遗骸。
在详细询问病史后，随机选取50名年龄在20至30岁之间的男性患者和50名年龄在20至30岁之间的女性患者。所有上颌印模均用藻酸盐制取，并灌注到牙科石膏中。使用数字游标卡尺测量这些模型的尖牙间宽度、前磨牙间宽度和磨牙间宽度，并将结果与性二态性相关联。
男性左右上颌尖牙尖端之间的尖牙间宽度测量值为36.08±2.04毫米（范围：30.05 - 41.64毫米），女性的平均尖牙间宽度为34.31±1.75毫米（范围：28.35 - 39.01毫米）。男性左右第一前磨牙远中窝之间的前磨牙间宽度测量值为38.97±2.10毫米（范围：33.94 - 45.21毫米），女性的平均前磨牙间宽度为36.92±1.87毫米（范围：31.34毫米）。男性左右第一磨牙中央窝之间的磨牙间宽度测量值为50.43±2.25毫米（范围：44.16 - 56.84毫米），女性的平均磨牙间宽度为47.90±2.06毫米（范围：42.66 - 54.63毫米）。
男性尖牙间、前磨牙间和磨牙间宽度组合的平均值为125.47±5.61毫米（范围：108.15 - 141.86毫米），女性为119.12±5.05毫米（范围：103.25 - 134.36毫米）。所有组合的平均值男性均大于女性。因此，上颌牙弓宽度有助于提高个体性别的判定准确性。
