Suppr超能文献

[驾驶适宜性的眼科评估]

[Ophthalmologic Evaluation of Fitness to Drive].

作者信息

Tost Frank, Freißler Gernot

出版信息

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2023 Jul;240(7):915-931. doi: 10.1055/a-1851-6285. Epub 2023 May 26.

Abstract

The ophthalmologist must know the essential principles of the driving fitness assessment. In the case of applications for a driving license renewal, it must always be clarified before the examination whether the fitness to drive is to be checked in accordance with the special regulation for holders of a driving license issued up to December 31, 1998 (see Annex 6 to § 12 of the FeV under 2.2.3 Special regulations for the old German Road Traffic Licensing Regulations). Within the scope of grandfathering, this continues to be valid only for the so-called old holders. A categorization of the manifold concerns regarding fitness to drive or driving ability in everyday practice makes it easier for the ophthalmologist to make a factually justified decision in individual cases. In particular, a distinction must be made between the medical assessment of subjects as applicants for a driving license (first-time applicants or renewal applicants) according to the German Driving License Ordinance (FeV) and the consultation of patients with chronic eye diseases [duty to inform according to the German Patients' Rights Act (PRG) and the German Civil Code (BGB), German Driving License Ordinance (FeV)]. The German Driving License Ordinance contains precise specifications for standardized testing of visual acuity and visual field as the most important partial functions of the eye. A special feature of the identified performance deficits of the eyes is that compensation by other bodily functions or supplementary technical equipment on the vehicle is not yet possible. The ophthalmologist therefore often has the task and responsibility of balancing the individual desire for mobility, in the case of professional drivers even the preservation of their jobs on the one hand, and the general societal need for safety on the other.

摘要

眼科医生必须了解驾驶适宜性评估的基本原则。在申请驾照换证的情况下,检查前必须始终明确是否要根据1998年12月31日前颁发的驾照持有人的特殊规定来检查驾驶适宜性(见《德国道路交通许可条例》第12条第2款第2.2.3项特殊规定下的《道路交通法》附件6)。在祖父条款范围内,这仅对所谓的老持有人继续有效。对日常实践中有关驾驶适宜性或驾驶能力的诸多问题进行分类,有助于眼科医生在个别情况下做出有事实依据的合理决定。特别是,必须区分根据《德国驾驶执照条例》(FeV)对作为驾照申请人(首次申请人或换证申请人)的受试者进行的医学评估,以及对患有慢性眼病的患者的咨询[根据《德国患者权利法》(PRG)、《德国民法典》(BGB)、《德国驾驶执照条例》(FeV)的告知义务]。《德国驾驶执照条例》对视力和视野这两项最重要的眼部局部功能的标准化测试有精确规定。已确定的眼部功能缺陷的一个特殊之处在于,目前还无法通过其他身体功能或车辆上的辅助技术设备来进行补偿。因此,眼科医生常常肩负着平衡个人出行愿望(对于职业司机而言,甚至是保住他们的工作)与社会普遍安全需求的任务和责任。

文献检索

告别复杂PubMed语法,用中文像聊天一样搜索,搜遍4000万医学文献。AI智能推荐,让科研检索更轻松。

立即免费搜索

文件翻译

保留排版,准确专业,支持PDF/Word/PPT等文件格式,支持 12+语言互译。

免费翻译文档

深度研究

AI帮你快速写综述,25分钟生成高质量综述,智能提取关键信息,辅助科研写作。

立即免费体验