Aguilar-Molina Ana M, Muñoz-Diosdado Alejandro, Martínez Alfredo Salinas, Angulo-Brown Fernando
Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07340, Mexico.
Departamento de Física, Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UP Zacatenco, Mexico City 07738, Mexico.
Entropy (Basel). 2023 May 9;25(5):773. doi: 10.3390/e25050773.
With the spring-block model proposed by Olami, Feder, and Christensen (OFC), we obtained a time series of synthetic earthquakes with different values of the conservation level (β), which measures the fraction of the energy that a relaxing block passes to its neighbors. The time series have multifractal characteristics, and we analyzed them with the Chhabra and Jensen method. We calculated the width, symmetry, and curvature parameters for each spectrum. As the value of conservation level increases, the spectra widen, the symmetric parameter increases, and the curvature around the maximum of the spectra decreases. In a long series of synthetic seismicity, we located earthquakes of the greatest magnitude and built overlapping windows before and after them. For the time series in each window, we performed multifractal analysis to obtain multifractal spectra. We also calculated the width, symmetry, and curvature around the maximum of the multifractal spectrum. We followed the evolution of these parameters before and after large earthquakes. We found that the multifractal spectra had greater widths, were less skewed to the left, and were very pointed around the maximum before rather than after large earthquakes. We studied and calculated the same parameters and found the same results in the analysis of the Southern California seismicity catalog. This suggests that there seems to be a process of preparation for a great earthquake and that its dynamics are different from the one that occurs after this mainshock based on the behavior of the parameters mentioned before.
利用奥拉米(Olami)、费德(Feder)和克里斯蒂安森(Christensen)(OFC)提出的弹簧 - 滑块模型,我们获得了具有不同守恒水平(β)值的合成地震时间序列,β衡量的是一个松弛滑块传递给其相邻滑块的能量比例。这些时间序列具有多重分形特征,我们用查布拉(Chhabra)和詹森(Jensen)方法对其进行了分析。我们计算了每个谱的宽度、对称性和曲率参数。随着守恒水平值的增加,谱变宽,对称参数增加,谱最大值处的曲率减小。在一长串合成地震活动性中,我们定位了最大震级的地震,并在其前后构建了重叠窗口。对于每个窗口中的时间序列,我们进行了多重分形分析以获得多重分形谱。我们还计算了多重分形谱最大值处的宽度、对称性和曲率。我们追踪了大地震前后这些参数的演变。我们发现,多重分形谱在大地震之前比之后具有更大的宽度,向左的偏斜更小,并且在最大值处非常尖锐。我们在对南加州地震活动性目录的分析中研究并计算了相同的参数,得到了相同的结果。这表明似乎存在一个大地震的准备过程,并且基于上述参数的行为,其动力学与主震之后发生的情况不同。