Zhang Qinyi, Teow Jun Yao, Kerishnan Jesinda Pauline, Abd Halim Adyani Azizah, Chen Yeng
Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Biomedicines. 2023 May 16;11(5):1458. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11051458.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent type of head and neck cancer, ranked as the sixth most common cancer worldwide, accounting for approximately 300,000 new cases and 145,000 deaths annually. Early detection using biomarkers significantly increases the 5-year survival rate of OSCC by up to 80-90%. Clusterin (CLU), also known as apolipoprotein J, is a sulfated chaperonic glycoprotein expressed in all tissues and human fluids and has been reported to be a potential biomarker of OSCC. CLU has been implicated as playing a vital role in many biological processes such as apoptosis, cell cycle, etc. Abnormal CLU expression has been linked with the development and progression of cancers. Despite the fact that there are many studies that have reported the involvement of CLU and its isoforms in OSCC, the exact roles of CLU and its isoforms in OSCC carcinogenesis have not been fully explored. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current understanding of CLU structure and genetics and its correlation with OSCC tumorigenesis to better understand potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker development. The relationship between CLU and chemotherapy resistance in cancer will also be discussed to explore the therapeutic application of CLU and its isoforms in OSCC.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是一种常见的头颈癌，在全球最常见癌症中排名第六，每年约有30万新发病例和14.5万例死亡。使用生物标志物进行早期检测可使OSCC的5年生存率显著提高至80% - 90%。聚集素（CLU），也称为载脂蛋白J，是一种在所有组织和人体体液中表达的硫酸化伴侣糖蛋白，据报道是OSCC的一种潜在生物标志物。CLU在许多生物学过程如细胞凋亡、细胞周期等中起着至关重要的作用。CLU的异常表达与癌症的发生和发展有关。尽管有许多研究报道了CLU及其异构体与OSCC有关，但CLU及其异构体在OSCC致癌过程中的确切作用尚未得到充分探索。本文旨在全面综述目前对CLU结构和遗传学的理解及其与OSCC肿瘤发生的相关性，以更好地理解潜在的诊断和预后生物标志物的开发。还将讨论CLU与癌症化疗耐药性之间的关系，以探索CLU及其异构体在OSCC中的治疗应用。
