Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy.
Medizinische Physik and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 May 17;20(10):5848. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20105848.
Providing students with an adequate acoustic environment is crucial for ensuring speech intelligibility in primary school classrooms. Two main approaches to control acoustics in educational facilities consist of reducing background noise and late reverberation. Prediction models for speech intelligibility have been developed and implemented to evaluate the effects of these approaches. In this study, two versions of the Binaural Speech Intelligibility Model (BSIM) were used to predict speech intelligibility in realistic spatial configurations of speakers and listeners, considering binaural aspects. Both versions shared the same binaural processing and speech intelligibility backend processes but differed in the pre-processing of the speech signal. An Italian primary school classroom was characterized in terms of acoustics before (reverberation, T20 = 1.6 ± 0.1 s) and after (T20 = 0.6 ± 0.1 s) an acoustical treatment to compare BSIM predictions to well-established room acoustic measures. With shorter reverberation time, speech clarity and definition improved, as well as speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) (by up to ~6 dB), particularly when the noise source was close to the receiver and an energetic masker was present. Conversely, longer reverberation times resulted (i) in poorer SRTs (by ~11 dB on average) and (ii) in an almost non-existent spatial release from masking at an angle (SRM).
为学生提供充足的声学环境对于确保小学教室中的语音可懂度至关重要。控制教育设施中声学环境的两种主要方法包括降低背景噪声和混响时间。已经开发并实施了语音可懂度预测模型,以评估这些方法的效果。在这项研究中,使用了两种版本的双耳语音可懂度模型(BSIM)来预测在考虑双耳因素的情况下,扬声器和听众的实际空间配置中的语音可懂度。这两个版本都共享相同的双耳处理和语音可懂度后端处理,但在语音信号的预处理方面有所不同。对一间意大利小学教室进行了声学特性分析,包括声学处理前后的混响时间(T20=1.6±0.1s)和(T20=0.6±0.1s),以将 BSIM 预测与成熟的房间声学测量结果进行比较。随着混响时间的缩短,语音清晰度和可懂度提高,语音识别阈值(SRT)也提高了(最高可达约 6dB),特别是当噪声源靠近接收者且存在能量掩蔽时。相反,较长的混响时间会导致(i)SRT 较差(平均约 11dB),以及(ii)在角度处的掩蔽释放(SRM)几乎不存在。