新冠肺炎疫情期间及之后隔离对一线工作人员心理和健康的影响
The Psychological and Wellbeing Impacts of Quarantine on Frontline Workers during COVID-19 and Beyond.
机构信息
Psychosocial Oncology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, Australia.
Chronic Respiratory Disease Laboratory, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 May 17;20(10):5853. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20105853.
OBJECTIVE
The current study investigated the experiences, wellbeing impacts, and coping strategies of frontline workers who participated in "Hotels for Heroes", an Australian voluntary hotel quarantine program during the COVID-19 pandemic. The program was open to those who were COVID-19 positive or exposed to COVID-19 as part of their profession.
METHODS
Frontline workers who had stayed in voluntary quarantine between April 2020 and March 2021 were invited to participate in a voluntary, anonymous, cross-sectional online survey including both quantitative and qualitative responses. Complete responses were collected from 106 participants, which included data on sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, experiences of the Hotels for Heroes program, and validated mental health measures.
RESULTS
Mental health problems were prevalent amongst frontline workers (e.g., moderate anxiety symptoms, severe depression symptoms, and greater than usual impact of fatigue). For some, quarantine appeared to be helpful for anxiety and burnout, but quarantine also appeared to impact anxiety, depression, and PTSD negatively, and longer stays in quarantine were associated with significantly higher coronavirus anxiety and fatigue impacts. The most widely received support in quarantine was from designated program staff; however, this was reportedly accessed by less than half of the participants.
CONCLUSIONS
The current study points to specific aspects of mental health care that can be applied to participants of similar voluntary quarantine programs in the future. It seems necessary to screen for psychological needs at various stages of quarantine, and to allocate appropriate care and improve its accessibility, as many participants did not utilise the routine support offered. Support should especially target disease-related anxiety, symptoms of depression and trauma, and the impacts of fatigue. Future research is needed to clarify specific phases of need throughout quarantine programs, and the barriers for participants receiving mental health supports in these contexts.
目的
本研究调查了参与“英雄酒店”（澳大利亚 COVID-19 大流行期间的自愿酒店检疫计划）的一线工作人员的经历、对他们的健康的影响以及应对策略。该计划面向那些因 COVID-19 阳性或因职业原因接触过 COVID-19 的人开放。
方法
邀请在 2020 年 4 月至 2021 年 3 月期间入住自愿隔离的一线工作人员参加自愿、匿名、横断面在线调查，包括定量和定性反应。从 106 名参与者中收集了完整的回复，其中包括社会人口学和职业特征、“英雄酒店”计划的经历以及经过验证的心理健康措施的数据。
结果
一线工作人员中普遍存在心理健康问题（例如，中度焦虑症状、重度抑郁症状以及疲劳的影响大于平常）。对于一些人来说，隔离似乎对焦虑和倦怠有帮助，但隔离似乎也对焦虑、抑郁和 PTSD 产生负面影响，而且在隔离中停留的时间越长，冠状病毒引起的焦虑和疲劳的影响就越大。隔离期间最受欢迎的支持来自指定的项目工作人员；然而，据报道，只有不到一半的参与者能够获得这种支持。
结论
本研究指出了未来可应用于类似自愿隔离计划参与者的心理健康护理的具体方面。似乎有必要在隔离的各个阶段筛查心理需求，并分配适当的护理和提高其可及性，因为许多参与者没有利用常规提供的支持。支持应特别针对与疾病相关的焦虑、抑郁症状和创伤后应激障碍，以及疲劳的影响。需要进一步的研究来阐明隔离计划中各个阶段的具体需求，以及参与者在这些情况下获得心理健康支持的障碍。
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