Lei Cleandy, Tao Xiaoyu, Xiao Ying
Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 May 18;11(10):1472. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11101472.
Iodine is a crucial micronutrient that is indispensable for optimal physical growth and cognitive maturation. However, the dietary iodine intake status of Macao's population is unknown. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the dietary iodine intake of Macao secondary school students. Four hundred and twenty-four students filled in a self-developed, 61-item, iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire (I-FFQ). The dietary iodine intake was calculated based on the I-FFQ and food composition database. The median daily iodine intake of the students was 74.4 µg, which is lower than the 150 µg recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The intake frequency of dried seaweed and kelp was also low, with 49.3% and 64.2% of students consuming these foods infrequently over a month. In conclusion, the dietary iodine intake of secondary school students in Macao was inadequate. It is recommended that individuals should take the initiative to gain iodine-related knowledge. Students are advised to eat a variety of iodine-rich foods, such as seaweed and seafood, as part of a healthy, balanced diet to ensure sufficient iodine intake. Furthermore, it will be necessary to measure urinary iodine for the iodine status assessment of the Macao population in future.
碘是一种关键的微量营养素，对最佳身体生长和认知成熟不可或缺。然而，澳门人口的膳食碘摄入量状况尚不清楚。因此，开展了一项横断面研究以评估澳门中学生的膳食碘摄入量。424名学生填写了一份自行编制的、包含61个条目的特定碘食物频率问卷（I-FFQ）。膳食碘摄入量根据I-FFQ和食物成分数据库进行计算。学生的每日碘摄入量中位数为74.4微克，低于世界卫生组织（WHO）建议的150微克。干海藻和海带的摄入频率也较低，分别有49.3%和64.2%的学生在一个月内很少食用这些食物。总之，澳门中学生的膳食碘摄入量不足。建议个人主动获取碘相关知识。建议学生食用各种富含碘的食物，如海藻和海鲜，作为健康均衡饮食的一部分，以确保摄入足够的碘。此外，未来有必要对澳门人群进行尿碘检测以评估碘状况。
