Jungreitmayr Sonja, Venek Verena, Ring-Dimitriou Susanne
Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, 5400 Hallein, Austria.
Department of Medical Engineering, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 May 22;11(10):1514. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11101514.
The aim of this study is to compare data on the health status, self-reported exercise and non-exercise physical activity as well as fitness parameters, such as grip strength, of people in retirement in two cities that are both considered urban centres according to the statistical office of the European Union (EUROSTAT), but differ by geographic location. Self-reported physical activity questionnaires and objective assessments of physical fitness indicators collected by sports scientists were used and examined for differences. A total of 210 people (66.3 years ± 2.3) in Salzburg ( = 90) and Vienna ( = 120) was analysed. While no differences were found in self-reported health, there were differences in self-reported exposure to self-reported exercise and non-exercise physical activity, with the Viennese population being more inactive than their more western comparison group. In addition, the objective indicators for muscle strength, balance and flexibility of the lower extremities differed significantly in favour of the more western Austrian population. We recommend assessing the situation of older people in Austria regarding their physical activity and fitness on a regional basis, even if they live in cities of the same category. Future projects should therefore aim to consider specific regional needs during development and incorporate both subjective and objective indicators when monitoring the success of such programs.
本研究的目的是比较两个城市退休人员的健康状况、自我报告的运动和非运动身体活动以及健身参数（如握力）的数据。这两个城市根据欧盟统计局（EUROSTAT）的定义均被视为城市中心，但地理位置不同。研究使用了自我报告的身体活动问卷以及体育科学家收集的身体 fitness 指标的客观评估，并对差异进行了检验。总共分析了萨尔茨堡（n = 90）和维也纳（n = 120）的210人（66.3岁±2.3）。虽然在自我报告的健康方面未发现差异，但在自我报告的运动和非运动身体活动的暴露情况上存在差异，维也纳人群比其西部的对照组更不活跃。此外，下肢肌肉力量、平衡和灵活性的客观指标存在显著差异，有利于奥地利西部人群。我们建议在区域基础上评估奥地利老年人的身体活动和健康状况，即使他们生活在同一类别的城市。因此，未来的项目应旨在在开发过程中考虑特定的区域需求，并在监测此类项目的成功时纳入主观和客观指标。
