Coordination for the Innovation and Application of Science and Technology (CIACYT), Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, 550 Sierra Leona Av., CP 78210, Col. Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
School of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jul;30(31):76818-76828. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-27769-6. Epub 2023 May 29.
The aim is to investigate and describe the health conditions of workers who are employed in precarious work settings in Mexico. Specifically, the study aims to provide insight on the health status of workers who are vulnerable due to the informal nature of their employment. Through the evaluation of three different scenarios of precarious employment (n = 110), including workers in mercury miner (workers A), brick-kilns (workers B), and quarries workers (workers C). The study analyzes clinical parameters to determine the workers' renal health condition and assesses their pulmonary function using spirometry. Multivariate analyses and Spearman correlation are performed to determine the contribution of length of service to workers' health parameters. Workers B have the highest incidence of clinical health alterations, with the highest BMI and prediabetes/diabetes index, albumin creatinine ratio, and eGFR. Moreover, pulmonary function parameters show a decrease in %FEV1/FVC in workers B and C compared to workers A, while workers A demonstrate a more significant decrease in %FEV1. Additionally, a negative correlation is observed between the length of service in precarious work settings and lung parameters (r = -0.538, p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study highlights the need to address the issue of precarious employment in Mexico by improving working conditions, access to healthcare and promoting social protection for workers, which can reduce the number of work-related illnesses and deaths and ensure the safety and health of workers.
目的在于调查和描述在墨西哥不稳定工作环境中就业的工人的健康状况。具体而言，本研究旨在深入了解由于就业形式非正式而处于弱势地位的工人的健康状况。通过评估三种不同的不稳定就业情况（n=110），包括汞矿工人（工人 A）、砖窑工人（工人 B）和采石工人（工人 C），对工人的临床参数进行分析，以确定其肾脏健康状况，并使用肺活量计评估其肺功能。采用多元分析和斯皮尔曼相关性分析来确定工作年限对工人健康参数的影响。工人 B 的临床健康变化发生率最高，BMI 和糖尿病前期/糖尿病指数、白蛋白肌酐比和 eGFR 最高。此外，与工人 A 相比，工人 B 和 C 的 %FEV1/FVC 等肺功能参数下降，而工人 A 的 %FEV1 下降更为显著。此外，在不稳定工作环境中的工作年限与肺功能参数之间存在负相关关系（r=-0.538，p<0.001）。总之，本研究强调了墨西哥需要通过改善工作条件、获得医疗保健和为工人提供社会保护来解决不稳定就业问题，这可以减少与工作相关的疾病和死亡人数，确保工人的安全和健康。
