Shi H X, Su S B, Liu M, Li R Z, Wang T J, Xiao B
Guangdong Province Hospital for Occuaptional Diseasse Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Guangdong Province Hospital for Occuaptional Diseasse Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2023 May 20;41(5):333-337. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20211026-00516.
To get insight into the current practice of noise reduction effect of workers as they wore hearing protectors in different domestic enterprises and the possible affected factors. From October 2020 to April 2021, using a random sampling method, 1197 workers exposed to noise in petrochemical factories, textile factories, and parts manufacturing factories were selected as the study subjects. The noise reduction effect of hearing protectors worn by workers in daily use was tested using a hearing protector suitability testing system. The personal sound attenuation level (PAR) was compared among workers in three enterprises, Targeted intervention and repetitive testing were conducted for workers who did not meet the noise reduction effect required by the enterprise, and the changes in PAR of workers before and after the intervention were compared. The comparison of baseline PARs between two or more groups was performed using the Mann Whitney test, the comparison of baseline PARs with post intervention PARs was performed using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test, and the comparison of qualitative data between two or more groups was performed using the Chi square test. The median baseline PAR for all workers was 15 dB. Men, age<30 years old, education level at or above college level, working experience of 5 to 15 years, and those who used hearing protectors for 5 to 15 years had higher PARs, with statistically significant differences (<0.05). The median difference in baseline PAR among workers from three enterprises was statistically significant (=175.06, <0.01). The median PAR of subjects who did not pass the baseline increased from 3 dB to 21 dB after intervention (=-27.92, <0.01) . Some workers wearing hearing protectors do not meet the required PAR, and low PARs may be related to incorrect wearing methods and incorrect selection of hearing protectors. As a tool for testing, training, and assisting in selection, the hearing protector suitability testing system is of great significance for worker hearing protection.
为深入了解国内不同企业工人佩戴听力保护器时的降噪效果及可能的影响因素。2020年10月至2021年4月，采用随机抽样方法，选取石化厂、纺织厂和零部件制造厂中1197名接触噪声的工人作为研究对象。使用听力保护器适配性测试系统测试工人日常佩戴的听力保护器的降噪效果。比较三家企业工人的个人声衰减水平（PAR），对未达到企业要求降噪效果的工人进行针对性干预和重复测试，并比较干预前后工人PAR的变化。两组或多组之间基线PAR的比较采用Mann Whitney检验，基线PAR与干预后PAR的比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验，两组或多组之间定性数据的比较采用卡方检验。所有工人的基线PAR中位数为15dB。男性、年龄<30岁、大专及以上学历、工作经验5至15年以及使用听力保护器5至15年的工人PAR较高，差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。三家企业工人基线PAR的中位数差异有统计学意义（=175.06，<0.01）。未通过基线测试的受试者干预后PAR中位数从3dB增至21dB（=-27.92，<0.01）。部分佩戴听力保护器的工人未达到要求的PAR，低PAR可能与佩戴方法不正确和听力保护器选择不当有关。听力保护器适配性测试系统作为测试、培训和辅助选择的工具，对工人听力保护具有重要意义。
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