Liu J, Wang X, Zhang R, Bao Y H, Gu K F, Pan L P
Occupational Health Department, Nanjing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Nanjing 210042, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2024 Aug 20;42(8):589-593. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20230817-00033.
To measure and compare the difference of personal attenuation rating (PAR) of the workers wearing foam earplugs before and after the training, and to evaluate the effect of ear protector wearing training on the noise protection. In February 2023, 94 workers exposed to noise in a machinery manufacturing factory were selected as subjects. The production noise in the workplace was measured and subjects were trained to wear earplugs. The PAR values of wearing 3M 1110 foam test earplugs were measured and recorded before and after the training by using the fit testing of hearing protection device. The differences between the actual PAR values with nominal values and the noise attenuation values in related standards were compared, and the protective effect of hearing protection device before and after training was evaluated. The average age of the subjects was (36.76±11.48) years old, the average length of service was (16.34±11.64) years, and the average exposure time to noise was (15.67±11.64) years. The noise detection results of the subjects' posts were ranged from 80.1 to 94.3 dB (A). The results of subjects wore 3M 1110 foam test earplugs for fit testing showed that the binaural PAR value after training was (19.3±6.4) dB (A), which was significantly higher than that before training (11.1±7.4) dB (A) (=13.31, <0.001). After training, 11 people (11.70%) could reach the corrected noise reduction value (NRR value), 26 people (27.66%) could reach the standard of single noise reduction value (SNR value) ×0.6, and 84 people (89.36%) could reach the standard of (NRR-7) /2. The under protection rate of hearing protectors after training (7.45%) was significantly lower than that before training (45.74%), and the difference of different protection levels before and after training was statistically significant (χ(2)=40.83, <0.001) . It is suggested that enterprises should use the fit testing instead of nominal value estimation to evaluate the noise reduction effect of hearing protection device. Special training on the selection and use of hearing protection device should be strengthened, so as to ensure that workers wear them correctly and improve the protective effect of hearing protection device.
测量并比较佩戴泡沫耳塞的工人在培训前后个人衰减评级（PAR）的差异，评估耳塞佩戴培训对噪声防护的效果。2023年2月，选取某机械制造厂94名接触噪声的工人作为研究对象。测量工作场所的生产噪声，并对研究对象进行耳塞佩戴培训。采用听力防护装置适配测试，测量并记录研究对象在培训前后佩戴3M 1110泡沫测试耳塞的PAR值。比较实际PAR值与标称值的差异以及与相关标准中噪声衰减值的差异，评估培训前后听力防护装置的防护效果。研究对象的平均年龄为（36.76±11.48）岁，平均工龄为（16.34±11.64）年，平均噪声暴露时间为（15.67±11.64）年。研究对象岗位的噪声检测结果为80.1～94.3 dB（A）。研究对象佩戴3M 1110泡沫测试耳塞进行适配测试的结果显示，培训后双耳PAR值为（19.3±6.4）dB（A），显著高于培训前的（11.1±7.4）dB（A）（ =13.31， <0.001）。培训后，11人（11.70%）能达到修正降噪值（NRR值）标准，26人（27.66%）能达到单值降噪值（SNR值）×0.6的标准，84人（89.36%）能达到（NRR - 7）/2的标准。培训后听力保护器的欠保护率（7.45%）显著低于培训前（45.74%），培训前后不同防护水平的差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=40.83， <0.001）。建议企业采用适配测试而非标称值估算来评估听力防护装置的降噪效果，应加强听力防护装置选择与使用的专项培训，确保工人正确佩戴，提高听力防护装置的防护效果。
