Li Keyao, Pang Shuo, Li Zhechen, Ding Xiaoning, Gan Yating, Gan Qianfu, Fang Shaoming
College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 May 12;14:1125195. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1125195. eCollection 2023.
Pollutant gas emissions in the current production system of the livestock industry have negative influences on environment as well as the health of farm staffs and animals. Although ammonia (NH3) is considered as the primary and harmful gas pollutant in the rabbit farm, less investigation has performed to determine the toxic effects of house ammonia exposure on rabbit in the commercial confined barn.
In this study, we performed multi-omics analysis on rabbits exposed to high and low concentration of house ammonia under similar environmental conditions to unravel the alterations in nasal and colonic microbiota, pulmonary and colonic gene expression, and muscular metabolic profile.
The results showed that house ammonia exposure notably affected microbial structure, composition, and functional capacity in both nasal and colon, which may impact on local immune responses and inflammatory processes. Transcriptome analysis indicated that genes related to cell death (, and ) and immune response (, and ) were differentially expressed in the lung, and colonic genes associated with redox state (, and ) were significantly up-regulated. Several key differentially abundant metabolites such as L-glutamic acid, L-glutamine, L-ornithine, oxoglutaric acid, and isocitric acid were identified in muscle metabolome, which could denote house ammonia exposure perturbed amino acids, nucleotides, and energy metabolism. In addition, the widespread and strong inter-system interplay were uncovered in the integrative correlation network, and central features were confirmed by in vitro experiments. Our findings disclose the comprehensive evidence for the deleterious effects of house ammonia exposure on rabbit and provide valuable information for understanding the underlying impairment mechanisms.
畜牧业当前生产系统中的污染物气体排放对环境以及农场工作人员和动物的健康都有负面影响。尽管氨气（NH₃）被认为是兔舍中的主要有害气体污染物，但在商业封闭式兔舍中，针对舍内氨气暴露对兔子的毒性影响进行的研究较少。
在本研究中，我们在相似环境条件下对暴露于高浓度和低浓度舍内氨气的兔子进行了多组学分析，以揭示鼻腔和结肠微生物群、肺和结肠基因表达以及肌肉代谢谱的变化。
结果表明，舍内氨气暴露显著影响鼻腔和结肠中的微生物结构、组成和功能能力，这可能会影响局部免疫反应和炎症过程。转录组分析表明，与细胞死亡（……和……）和免疫反应（……和……）相关的基因在肺中差异表达，与氧化还原状态（……和……）相关的结肠基因显著上调。在肌肉代谢组中鉴定出了几种关键的差异丰富代谢物，如L-谷氨酸、L-谷氨酰胺、L-鸟氨酸、草酰戊二酸和异柠檬酸，这可能表明舍内氨气暴露扰乱了氨基酸、核苷酸和能量代谢。此外，在综合相关网络中发现了广泛而强烈的系统间相互作用，并通过体外实验证实了核心特征。我们的研究结果揭示了舍内氨气暴露对兔子有害影响的全面证据，并为理解潜在的损伤机制提供了有价值的信息。
