INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
INSERM, Université de Tours, iBrain, 37000, Tours, France.
Sci Rep. 2023 May 31;13(1):8867. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-35652-0.
Nutrient availability in eggs can affect early metabolic orientation in birds. In chickens divergently selected on the Pectoralis major ultimate pH, a proxy for muscle glycogen stores, characterization of the yolk and amniotic fluid revealed a different nutritional environment. The present study aimed to assess indicators of embryo metabolism in pHu lines (pHu+ and pHu-) using allantoic fluids (compartment storing nitrogenous waste products and metabolites), collected at days 10, 14 and 17 of embryogenesis and characterized by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Analysis of metabolic profiles revealed a significant stage effect, with an enrichment in metabolites at the end of incubation, and an increase in interindividual variability during development. OPLS-DA analysis discriminated the two lines. The allantoic fluid of pHu- was richer in carbohydrates, intermediates of purine metabolism and derivatives of tryptophan-histidine metabolism, while formate, branched-chain amino acids, Krebs cycle intermediates and metabolites from different catabolic pathways were more abundant in pHu+. In conclusion, the characterization of the main nutrient sources for embryos and now allantoic fluids provided an overview of the in ovo nutritional environment of pHu lines. Moreover, this study revealed the establishment, as early as day 10 of embryo development, of specific metabolic signatures in the allantoic fluid of pHu+ and pHu- lines.
鸡蛋中的营养物质可用性会影响鸟类的早期代谢定向。在胸大肌最终 pH 值上进行分歧选择的鸡中，作为肌肉糖原储存的代表，蛋黄和羊水的特征揭示了不同的营养环境。本研究旨在使用收集于胚胎发生第 10、14 和 17 天的尿囊液（储存含氮废物和代谢物的隔室）评估 pHu 系（pHu+和 pHu-）中胚胎代谢的指标，并用 1H-NMR 光谱进行了表征。代谢谱分析显示出显著的阶段效应，在孵化结束时代谢物富集，并且在发育过程中个体间变异性增加。OPLS-DA 分析可区分这两条线。pHu-的尿囊液中碳水化合物、嘌呤代谢中间产物和色氨酸-组氨酸代谢衍生物丰富，而 pHu+中则富含甲酸、支链氨基酸、三羧酸循环中间产物和来自不同分解代谢途径的代谢物。总之，对胚胎和现在的尿囊液的主要营养来源的表征提供了 pHu 系的胚内营养环境的概述。此外，这项研究揭示了在胚胎发育的第 10 天，pHu+和 pHu-系的尿囊液中就已经建立了特定的代谢特征。
