Burghardt Juliane, Gradl Silvia, Knopp Magdalena, Sprung Manuel
Division of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, Krems an Der Donau, 3500, Austria.
University Hospital for Psychosomatic Medicine Eggenburg, Grafenberger Straße 2, Eggenburg, 3730, Austria.
Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul. 2023 Jun 1;10(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s40479-023-00224-1.
People with mental disorders frequently suffer from deficits in the ability to infer other's mental states (Theory of Mind; ToM). Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) show ToM deficits characterized by exceeding ToM (over-attributions of mental states). The present study analyzed associations between ToM, BPD severity, and depression severity in patients with BPD and other personality disorders.
We analyzed ToM abilities in 128 patients with BPD and 82 patients with 'mixed and other personality disorders' (MOPD). MOPD are diagnosed if symptoms of multiple personality disorders are present without any set of symptoms being dominant enough to allow a specific diagnosis. We used the movies for the assessment of social cognition (MASC) to measure ToM abilities, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess severity of depression and the McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD) to assess the severity of BPD symptoms.
Both symptoms of BPD and depression were associated with exceeding ToM in separate regressions. Using a stepwise regression, only the association of depression severity with exceeding ToM was reliable. Patients with BPD and MOPD did not differ in exceeding ToM. Age was most reliably associated with ToM.
The results imply that exceeding ToM is associated with general psychopathology instead of BPD-symptoms in specific. Patients with MOPD show deficits similar to BPD patients.
精神障碍患者经常在推断他人心理状态的能力（心理理论；ToM）方面存在缺陷。边缘型人格障碍（BPD）患者表现出以过度心理理论（心理状态过度归因）为特征的ToM缺陷。本研究分析了BPD患者及其他人格障碍患者的ToM、BPD严重程度和抑郁严重程度之间的关联。
我们分析了128例BPD患者和82例“混合型及其他人格障碍”（MOPD）患者的ToM能力。如果存在多种人格障碍的症状，且没有任何一组症状占主导地位到足以进行特定诊断，则诊断为MOPD。我们使用社会认知评估电影（MASC）来测量ToM能力，使用患者健康问卷（PHQ - 9）来评估抑郁严重程度，并使用麦克莱恩边缘型人格障碍筛查工具（MSI - BPD）来评估BPD症状的严重程度。
在单独的回归分析中，BPD症状和抑郁均与过度心理理论相关。使用逐步回归分析，只有抑郁严重程度与过度心理理论的关联是可靠的。BPD患者和MOPD患者在过度心理理论方面没有差异。年龄与ToM的关联最为可靠。
结果表明，过度心理理论与一般精神病理学相关，而非特定的BPD症状。MOPD患者表现出与BPD患者相似的缺陷。
