维生素 A 缺乏症在埃塞俄比亚孕妇中的研究：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Vitamin A deficiency among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Int Health. 2023 Nov 3;15(6):630-643. doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihad038.
BACKGROUND
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) during pregnancy is a public health challenge in low-income countries. There are inconsistent findings that can affect policy in planning appropriate intervention. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to summarize the evidence in order to identify existing gaps and propose strategies to reduce VAD during pregnancy in Ethiopia.
METHODS
This study included published and unpublished observational studies searched from different databases (PubMed, CINHAL [EBSCO], Embase, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals, Web of Sciences, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Google Search and MedNar). Statistical analysis was conducted using Stata version 14 software. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. Forest plots were used to present the pooled prevalence using the random effects model.
RESULTS
A total of 37 618 pregnant women from 15 studies were included. The overall pooled prevalence of VAD was 29% (95% confidence interval 21 to 36) with I2=99.67% and p<0.001. Socio-economic and sociodemographic factors were identified as affecting vitamin A deficiencies among pregnant women.
CONCLUSIONS
Nearly one-third of pregnant women in Ethiopia had VAD. Strengthening intervention modalities that aimed to increase the uptake of vitamin A-rich foods can avert VAD among pregnant women in Ethiopia.
背景
怀孕期间维生素 A 缺乏症（VAD）是低收入国家的公共卫生挑战。有一些相互矛盾的发现，这可能会影响到规划适当干预措施的政策。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在总结证据，以确定现有的差距，并提出在埃塞俄比亚减少怀孕期间 VAD 的策略。
方法
本研究包括从不同数据库（PubMed、CINHAL [EBSCO]、Embase、Google Scholar、开放获取期刊目录、Web of Sciences、MEDLINE、Cochrane 图书馆、Scopus、Google Search 和 MedNar）搜索到的已发表和未发表的观察性研究。使用 Stata 版本 14 软件进行统计分析。评估了异质性和发表偏倚。使用随机效应模型通过森林图呈现汇总患病率。
结果
共纳入了 15 项研究中的 37618 名孕妇。VAD 的总体汇总患病率为 29%（95%置信区间 21 至 36），I2=99.67%，p<0.001。社会经济和社会人口因素被确定为影响孕妇维生素 A 缺乏的因素。
结论
埃塞俄比亚近三分之一的孕妇患有 VAD。加强旨在增加富含维生素 A 的食物摄入量的干预措施，可以避免埃塞俄比亚孕妇发生 VAD。
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