Department of Physics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Box 812, 981 28 Kiruna, Sweden.
Sci Adv. 2023 Jun 2;9(22):eadg5703. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adg5703.
Plasma entities, known as magnetosheath jets, with higher dynamic pressure than the surrounding plasma, are often seen at Earth. They generate waves and contribute to energy transfer in the magnetosheath. Affecting the magnetopause, they cause surface waves and transfer energy into the magnetosphere, causing throat auroras and magnetic signatures detectable on the ground. We show that jets exist also beyond Earth's environment in the magnetosheath of Mars, using data obtained by the MAVEN spacecraft. Thus, jets can be created also at Mars, which differs from Earth by its smaller bow shock, and they are associated with an increased level of magnetic field fluctuations. Jets couple large and small scales in magnetosheaths in the solar system and can play a similar part in astrophysical plasmas.
等离子体实体，称为磁鞘喷流，具有比周围等离子体更高的动压力，在地球上经常被看到。它们产生波，并有助于磁鞘中的能量转移。它们影响磁层顶，引起表面波，并将能量转移到磁层中，导致喉部极光和在地面上可检测到的磁信号。我们使用 MAVEN 航天器获得的数据表明，磁鞘中的喷流也存在于地球以外的火星环境中。因此，喷流也可以在火星上产生，火星的弓形激波比地球小，并且与磁场波动水平的增加有关。喷流在太阳系的磁鞘中连接大尺度和小尺度，可以在天体物理学等离子体中发挥类似的作用。
