Microbiology & Immunology Department, and Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Microbiology & Immunology Department, and Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Mol Immunol. 2023 Jul;159:38-45. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.05.007. Epub 2023 Jun 1.
Since their discovery, the identity of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) has been at the center of a continuous dispute in the field, and their classification as dendritic cells (DCs) has been recently re-challenged. pDCs are different enough from the rest of the DC family members to be considered a lineage of cells on their own. Unlike the exclusive myeloid ontogeny of cDCs, pDCs may have dual origin developing from myeloid and lymphoid progenitors. Moreover, pDCs have the unique ability to quickly secrete abundant levels of type I interferon (IFN-I) in response to viral infections. In addition, pDCs undergo a differentiation process after pathogen recognition that allows them to activate T cells, a feature that has been shown to be independent of presumed contaminating cells. Here, we aim to provide an overview of the historic and current understanding of pDCs and argue that their classification as either lymphoid or myeloid may be an oversimplification. Instead, we propose that the capacity of pDCs to link the innate and adaptive immune response by directly sensing pathogens and activating adaptive immune responses justify their inclusion within the DC network.
自发现以来，浆细胞样树突状细胞（pDCs）的身份一直是该领域持续争议的焦点，其作为树突状细胞（DCs）的分类最近也受到了挑战。pDCs 与 DC 家族的其他成员有足够的不同，可以被认为是自己的细胞谱系。与 cDCs 独特的骨髓发生不同，pDCs 可能具有双重起源，由骨髓和淋巴祖细胞发育而来。此外，pDCs 具有快速分泌大量 I 型干扰素（IFN-I）的独特能力，以应对病毒感染。此外，pDCs 在识别病原体后会经历一个分化过程，使其能够激活 T 细胞，这一特征已被证明与假定的污染细胞无关。在这里，我们旨在概述对 pDCs 的历史和当前理解，并认为将其分类为淋巴样或骨髓样可能过于简单化。相反，我们提出，pDCs 通过直接感知病原体和激活适应性免疫反应来连接先天和适应性免疫反应的能力证明了它们在 DC 网络中的包含是合理的。
