Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Jingdezhen, Jingdezhen, China.
Pharm Biol. 2023 Dec;61(1):878-885. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2208636.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and complex disease caused by endocrine and metabolic dysfunction in women of reproductive age. Baicalin is reported to ameliorate PCOS.
This study determines whether baicalin could affect the progression of PCOS.
To establish an animal model of PCOS, female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subcutaneously injected with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 60 mg/kg) for 20 days. Next, normal and PCOS mice were divided into 3 groups: control, PCOS, PCOS + Baicalin (20 mg/kg) groups. In addition, the levels of microRNA-874-3p (miR-874-3p) and microRNA-144 (miR-144) in ovarian tissues were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
Compared to the PCOS group, baicalin treatment significantly declined free testosterone (33.71 pg/mL vs. 56.05 pg/mL) and luteinizing hormone (LH; 3971.73 pg/mL vs. 5201.50 pg/mL) levels in rats with PCOS. Additionally, compared to the control group, 100 μM baicalin lessened miR-874-3p and miR-144 levels in human ovarian granulosa cells (KGN cells) by 36.87% and 32.57%, respectively. Furthermore, forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins FOXO1 and FOXO3 are the direct targets of miR-144 and miR-874-3p, respectively. Meanwhile, baicalin induced G0-G1 phase arrest (69.56 ± 3.7% at baicalin with 100 μM vs. 51.24 ± 3.2%, control) in KGN cells correlating with decreased p27 Kip1 (FOXO proteins downstream effector gene) expression by 55.5%; however, miR-874-3p or miR-144 overexpression could abolish this effect.
Baicalin could alleviate the symptoms of PCOS regulating miR-874-3p/FOXO3 and miR-144/FOXO1 axis, demonstrating its potential utility in PCOS treatment.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种常见且复杂的疾病，由育龄妇女的内分泌和代谢功能障碍引起。黄芩素有改善 PCOS 的作用。
本研究旨在确定黄芩素是否会影响 PCOS 的进展。
为了建立 PCOS 的动物模型，雌性 Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠皮下注射脱氢表雄酮（DHEA，60mg/kg）20 天。接下来，正常和 PCOS 小鼠分为 3 组：对照组、PCOS 组、PCOS+黄芩素（20mg/kg）组。此外，通过逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）评估卵巢组织中 microRNA-874-3p（miR-874-3p）和 microRNA-144（miR-144）的水平。
与 PCOS 组相比，黄芩素治疗可显著降低 PCOS 大鼠的游离睾酮（33.71pg/mL 比 56.05pg/mL）和黄体生成素（LH；3971.73pg/mL 比 5201.50pg/mL）水平。此外，与对照组相比，100μM 黄芩素使人类卵巢颗粒细胞（KGN 细胞）中的 miR-874-3p 和 miR-144 水平分别降低了 36.87%和 32.57%。此外，叉头框 O（FOXO）蛋白 FOXO1 和 FOXO3 分别是 miR-144 和 miR-874-3p 的直接靶标。同时，黄芩素诱导 KGN 细胞 G0-G1 期阻滞（100μM 黄芩素组为 69.56±3.7%，对照组为 51.24±3.2%），与 p27 Kip1（FOXO 蛋白下游效应基因）表达降低 55.5%相关；然而，miR-874-3p 或 miR-144 的过表达可以消除这种作用。
黄芩素通过调节 miR-874-3p/FOXO3 和 miR-144/FOXO1 轴可缓解 PCOS 症状，表明其在 PCOS 治疗中的潜在应用价值。
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