Sharma Pooja, Bano Ambreen, Singh Surendra Pratap, Srivastava Sudhir Kumar, Singh Surendra Pratap, Iqbal Hafiz M N, Varjani Sunita
Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Singapore, 138602 Singapore.
Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602 Singapore.
J Food Sci Technol. 2023 Aug;60(8):2079-2091. doi: 10.1007/s13197-022-05477-2. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
Large-scale food waste (FW) disposal has resulted in severe environmental degradation and financial losses around the world. Although FW has a high biomass energy contents and a growing large number of national projects to recover energy from FW by anaerobic digestion (AD) are being developed. AD is a promising solution for FW management and energy generation when compared to typical disposal options including landfill disposal, incineration, and composting. AD of FW can be combined with an existing AD operation or linked to the manufacture of value-added products to reduce costs and increase income. AD is a metabolic process that requires four different types of microbes: hydrolyzers, acidogens, acetogens, and methanogens. Microbes use a variety of strategies to avoid difficult situations in the AD, such as competition for the same substrate between sulfate-reducing bacteria and methane-forming bacteria. An improved comprehension of the microbiology involved in the anaerobic digestion of FW will provide new insight into the circumstances needed to maximize this procedure, including its possibilities for use in co-digestion mechanisms. This paper reviewed the present scientific knowledge of microbial community during the AD and the connection between microbial diversity during the AD of FW.
大规模的食物垃圾（FW）处理已在全球范围内导致了严重的环境退化和经济损失。尽管食物垃圾含有较高的生物质能，并且越来越多通过厌氧消化（AD）从食物垃圾中回收能量的国家项目正在开展。与包括填埋处置、焚烧和堆肥在内的典型处置方式相比，厌氧消化是一种很有前景的食物垃圾管理和能源生产解决方案。食物垃圾的厌氧消化可以与现有的厌氧消化操作相结合，或者与增值产品的制造相联系，以降低成本并增加收入。厌氧消化是一个代谢过程，需要四种不同类型的微生物：水解菌、产酸菌、产乙酸菌和产甲烷菌。微生物会采用多种策略来避免厌氧消化过程中的困难情况，比如硫酸盐还原菌和产甲烷菌之间对同一底物的竞争。对食物垃圾厌氧消化过程中所涉及微生物学的深入理解，将为最大限度地优化这一过程所需的条件提供新的见解，包括其在共消化机制中的应用可能性。本文综述了厌氧消化过程中微生物群落的现有科学知识以及食物垃圾厌氧消化过程中微生物多样性之间的联系。
