State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Shanghai Ecoacell Environment Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200062, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jul 20;779:146397. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146397. Epub 2021 Mar 12.
With the implementation of zero-waste city and waste classification in China, a large amount of food waste (FW) began to appear in concentration, and there was an urgent requirement for appropriate and efficient treatment technology. Traditional FW disposal methods (landfill and incineration) could cause several environmental problems, so resource recycling has become the main development trend of FW in China. In recent years, anaerobic digestion (AD) technology for FW resource treatment has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as the ability to obtain clean energy, low carbon emissions, and suitability for large-scale treatment compared with other recycling technologies (composting, feed, and breeding insects). Chinese policy is conducive to the development of AD for FW, which has the potential to produce methane and achieve economic and environmental benefits. This paper presents an overview of the researches, application situations, and perspectives for the AD of FW resource treatment in China. The bibliometric analysis shows that China has the most interest in the AD of FW compared to other countries, and the amount and characteristics analysis of FW indicates that FW is suitable for treatment by AD. At the same time, this review analyzes the influence factors, methods to promote AD, working mechanism, secondary pollution of AD. Besides, the article introduces and analyzes the current policies, application status, economic and environmental benefits, and problems of AD for FW resource treatment in China. AD is considered as an alternative resource treatment technology for FW, although there are still several problems such as odors, digestate, etc. In the future, China should focus on the reform of management policy, the implementation of the AD circular economy model, and the research of the biorefinery model based on AD technology.
随着中国零废弃城市和垃圾分类的实施，大量的食物垃圾（FW）开始集中出现，因此迫切需要合适和高效的处理技术。传统的 FW 处理方法（填埋和焚烧）可能会引起一些环境问题，因此资源回收已成为中国 FW 的主要发展趋势。近年来，由于 FW 资源处理的厌氧消化（AD）技术具有获得清洁能源、低碳排放以及适合大规模处理等优点，相比其他回收技术（堆肥、饲料和养殖昆虫），该技术受到了广泛关注。中国的政策有利于 FW 的 AD 发展，这有潜力产生甲烷并实现经济和环境效益。本文综述了中国 FW 资源处理的 AD 研究、应用现状和展望。文献计量分析表明，与其他国家相比，中国对 FW 的 AD 最感兴趣，FW 的数量和特性分析表明 FW 适合 AD 处理。同时，本综述分析了 AD 的影响因素、促进 AD 的方法、工作机制、AD 的二次污染。此外，本文介绍和分析了中国 FW 资源处理的 AD 现行政策、应用现状、经济和环境效益以及存在的问题。AD 被认为是 FW 的替代资源处理技术，尽管仍然存在一些问题，如气味、消化物等。未来，中国应重点关注管理政策的改革、AD 循环经济模式的实施以及基于 AD 技术的生物炼制模式的研究。
