Singh Shantanu, Maurya Akhilendra Kumar
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Study in Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
Front Oncol. 2023 May 19;13:1108729. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1108729. eCollection 2023.
T-cell lymphoma is a hematologic neoplasm derived from the lymphoid lineage. It belongs to a diverse group of malignant disorders, mostly affecting the young population worldwide, that vary with respect to molecular features as well as genetic and clinical complexities. Cancer cells rewire the cellular metabolism, persuading it to meet new demands of growth and proliferation. Furthermore, the metabolic alterations and heterogeneity are aberrantly driven in cancer by a combination of genetic and non-genetic factors, including the tumor microenvironment. New insight into cancer metabolism highlights the importance of nutrient supply to tumor development and therapeutic responses. Importantly, oxidative stress due to an imbalance in the redox status of reactive species exogenous and/or endogenous factors is closely related to multiple aspects of cancer. This alters the signaling pathways governed through the multiple intracellular signal transduction and transcription factors, leading to tumor progression. These oncogenic signaling molecules are regulated through different redox sensors, including nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), phase-II antioxidant enzyme, and NQO1 (NADPH quinone oxidoreductase (1). The existing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of T-cell lymphoma regulation through the cross-talk of redox sensors under the influence of metabolic vulnerability is not well explored. This review highlights the role of the redox dynamics, orchestra of signaling, and genetic regulation involved in T-cell lymphoma progression in addition to the challenges to their etiology, treatment, and clinical response in light of recent updates.
T细胞淋巴瘤是一种起源于淋巴谱系的血液肿瘤。它属于一组多样的恶性疾病，主要影响全球的年轻人群，这些疾病在分子特征以及遗传和临床复杂性方面各不相同。癌细胞会重塑细胞代谢，使其满足生长和增殖的新需求。此外，遗传和非遗传因素（包括肿瘤微环境）的共同作用异常驱动了癌症中的代谢改变和异质性。对癌症代谢的新见解凸显了营养供应对肿瘤发展和治疗反应的重要性。重要的是，由于外源性和/或内源性因素导致的活性物种氧化还原状态失衡所引起的氧化应激与癌症的多个方面密切相关。这会改变由多种细胞内信号转导和转录因子控制的信号通路，导致肿瘤进展。这些致癌信号分子通过不同的氧化还原传感器进行调节，包括核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）、II期抗氧化酶和NQO1（NADPH醌氧化还原酶（1））。目前对于在代谢易感性影响下通过氧化还原传感器的相互作用来调节T细胞淋巴瘤的分子机制的理解尚未得到充分探索。本综述除了根据最新进展阐述其病因、治疗和临床反应所面临的挑战外，还强调了氧化还原动力学、信号传导协调和基因调控在T细胞淋巴瘤进展中的作用。
