Vanderslott Samantha, Kumar Supriya, Adu-Sarkodie Yaw, Qadri Firdausi, Zellweger Raphaël M
Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
Enteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2023 Jun 2;10(Suppl 1):S47-S52. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofad135. eCollection 2023 May.
Historically, typhoid control has been achieved with water and sanitation interventions. Today, in an era of rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR), two World Health Organization-prequalified vaccines are available to accelerate control in the shorter term. Meanwhile, water and sanitation interventions could be implemented in the longer term to sustainably prevent typhoid in low- and middle-income countries. This article first approaches typhoid control from a historical perspective, subsequently presents how vaccination could complement water and sanitation activities, and finally discusses the challenges and opportunities for impactful control of typhoid infection. It also addresses data blind spots and knowledge gaps to focus on for typhoid control and to ultimately progress towards elimination. This article presents a synthesis of discussions held in December 2021 during a roundtable session at the "12th International Conference on Typhoid and Other Invasive Salmonelloses".
从历史上看，伤寒防控是通过水和环境卫生干预措施实现的。如今，在抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）不断上升的时代，世界卫生组织预认证的两种疫苗可在短期内加速防控工作。与此同时，从长远来看，可以实施水和环境卫生干预措施，以在低收入和中等收入国家可持续地预防伤寒。本文首先从历史角度探讨伤寒防控，随后介绍疫苗接种如何补充水和环境卫生活动，最后讨论有效控制伤寒感染面临的挑战和机遇。文章还指出了数据盲点和知识空白，以聚焦伤寒防控并最终朝着消除伤寒的目标迈进。本文综合了2021年12月在“第12届伤寒及其他侵袭性沙门氏菌病国际会议”圆桌会议期间进行的讨论内容。
