Lambrich Johanna, Muehlbauer Thomas
Division of Movement and Training Sciences/Biomechanics of Sport, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Front Sports Act Living. 2023 May 18;5:1165628. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1165628. eCollection 2023.
Achieving high ball speed during the execution of groundstrokes represents a performance-relevant factor in tennis. However, it is unclear how plantar pressure data undergo change during the execution of groundstrokes by tennis players to achieve high postimpact ball speed. Thus, the objective of the present study is to determine how tennis players change the plantar pressure in each foot when they execute longline forehand and backhand groundstrokes in order to increase postimpact ball speed.
Seventeen healthy nationally ranked female tennis players (mean age: 21.7 ± 7.7 years) participated in this study. The players performed longline forehand and backhand groundstrokes (topspin) at four postimpact ball speed levels, i.e., at 80 km/h, 90 km/h, 100 km/h, and . Plantar pressure was measured in each foot [i.e., dominant (equals the stroke arm) and non-dominant] using flexible instrumented insoles.
Irrespective of the stroke technique, the repeated measures ANOVA procedure showed significant ball speed × foot dominance interactions. For the forehand stroke, post hoc analyses revealed significantly increased (dominant foot) and decreased (non-dominant foot) pressure values when the postimpact ball speed increased from 100 km/h to . For the backhand stroke, the post hoc analyses yielded significantly decreased (dominant and non-dominant foot) plantar pressure values when the postimpact ball speed increased from 100 km/h to . There were no further significant differences between the other ball speed levels.
The significantly varying plantar pressure changes depending on the stroke technique and foot dominance to increase postimpact ball speed suggest that specific physical exercises related to the foot (dominant vs. non-dominant foot) and groundstroke (forehand vs. backhand) seem to be necessary for plantar pressure optimization.
在网球击球过程中实现高球速是网球运动中一个与表现相关的因素。然而，目前尚不清楚网球运动员在击球过程中足底压力数据是如何变化以实现高击球后球速的。因此，本研究的目的是确定网球运动员在进行长线正手和反手击球时，如何改变每只脚的足底压力以提高击球后球速。
17名全国排名的健康女性网球运动员（平均年龄：21.7±7.7岁）参与了本研究。运动员在四个击球后球速水平下进行长线正手和反手击球（上旋球），即80公里/小时、90公里/小时、100公里/小时和 。使用柔性仪器鞋垫测量每只脚（即优势脚（等于击球手臂）和非优势脚）的足底压力。
无论击球技术如何，重复测量方差分析程序显示球速×脚优势存在显著交互作用。对于正手击球，事后分析显示，当击球后球速从100公里/小时增加到 时，（优势脚）压力值显著增加，（非优势脚）压力值显著降低。对于反手击球，事后分析显示，当击球后球速从100公里/小时增加到 时，（优势脚和非优势脚）足底压力值显著降低。其他球速水平之间没有进一步的显著差异。
根据击球技术和脚的优势，足底压力变化显著不同，以提高击球后球速，这表明与脚（优势脚与非优势脚）和击球（正手与反手）相关的特定体育锻炼似乎是优化足底压力所必需的。
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