Ho K L
Acta Neuropathol. 1986;70(1):30-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00689511.
Although the luminal surface of the ependymal cells of the human ventricular system is characterized by the presence of cilia with a typical 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, cilia are usually described as sparse or absent in ependymal cells of ependymomas. The incidence of aberrant cilia and structurally abnormal cilia in normal ependymal cells and ependymomal cells has not been documented. This report describes detailed ultrastructural and quantitative studies of cilia of the ependymal cells of a fourth ventricular ependymoma in a 5-year-old boy. Of a total of 267 cilia studied, 50% were located in the extracellular microrosettes, 30% in the intracytoplasmic lumina and 20% in the cytoplasm. Thirty precent of all cilia studied showed structural abnormalities. Those present in the aberrant locations, e.g., intracytoplasmic lumina and in the cytoplasm, had a higher incidence of abnormality. Ciliary abnormalities fell into four majors categories: (1) cilia with abnormal axial microtubules, (2) compound cilia, (3) swollen cilia, and (4) cilia with dynein arm defect. Of these, addition, deletion and disorganization of axonemal microtubules were most common. The present study suggested that ciliary abnormality is common in ependymoma and may represent another example of oncogenetic effect on the ciliogenesis of ciliated epithelium.
尽管人类脑室系统室管膜细胞的腔面以存在具有典型9 + 2微管排列的纤毛为特征，但在室管膜瘤的室管膜细胞中，纤毛通常被描述为稀疏或缺失。正常室管膜细胞和室管膜瘤细胞中异常纤毛和结构异常纤毛的发生率尚无文献记载。本报告描述了对一名5岁男孩第四脑室室管膜瘤室管膜细胞纤毛的详细超微结构和定量研究。在总共研究的267根纤毛中，50%位于细胞外微玫瑰花样结构中，30%位于胞质内管腔中，20%位于细胞质中。所有研究的纤毛中有30%显示结构异常。那些位于异常位置（如胞质内管腔和细胞质中）的纤毛异常发生率更高。纤毛异常分为四大类：(1) 具有异常轴丝微管的纤毛，(2) 复合纤毛，(3) 肿胀纤毛，(4) 具有动力蛋白臂缺陷的纤毛。其中，轴丝微管的增加、缺失和紊乱最为常见。本研究表明，纤毛异常在室管膜瘤中很常见，可能代表了肿瘤发生对纤毛上皮细胞纤毛发生影响的另一个例子。
