Programa de Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brasil.
Codas. 2023 Jun 2;35(3):e20210212. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20232021212pt. eCollection 2023.
(1) to verify to what extent the occurrence of possible errors is influenced by the relationship (opaque/transparent) between fricative phonemes and the graphemes with which they can be spelled; (2) verify the differences (if present or not) of relationship types among the phonemes that present common graphemic relationships.
We analyzed 750 textual productions from children in the first year of Elementary School (ES), and conducted a survey of the frequency of correct answers and errors in all fricative phonemes of Brazilian Portuguese (BP).
The errors occurred in greater numbers in the group of phonemes with opaque spelling when compared with the number of errors in the group of phonemes with transparent spelling. In the first group, the errors showed a non-symmetrical behavior, since they varied according to the possibilities of graphemes for each phoneme. In the second group, the errors showed a symmetrical behavior.
Given the symmetry in the errors of the phonemes of the first group and the non-symmetry of those of the second group, our results point to a gradation in the occurrence of errors, which varies as a function of the transparency and degree of opacity in the relations between phonemes and graphemes of a same class.
（1）验证摩擦音音位与可拼写的字母之间的关系（不透明/透明）对可能出现的错误发生程度的影响；（2）验证具有共同拼写关系的音位之间关系类型的差异（如果存在差异）。
我们分析了小学一年级（ES）750 名儿童的文本作品，并对巴西葡萄牙语（BP）所有摩擦音音位的正确答案和错误频率进行了调查。
与透明拼写音位组相比，不透明拼写音位组的错误数量更多。在第一组中，错误表现出非对称行为，因为它们根据每个音位的字母可能性而有所不同。在第二组中，错误表现出对称行为。
鉴于第一组音位的错误具有对称性，而第二组音位的错误不具有对称性，我们的结果表明，错误的发生存在一个渐变，这取决于音位和同一类字母之间关系的透明度和不透明度程度。
