Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Food Funct. 2023 Jun 19;14(12):5752-5767. doi: 10.1039/d3fo01093g.
The findings of soy protein whey protein supplementation on glycemic regulation are inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to investigate the preventive effect of soy protein isolate (SPI) and whey protein isolate (WPI) on a high-fat diet (HFD) induced insulin resistance and its potential molecular mechanisms. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into seven groups ( = 12): normal control, HFD plus 10% SPI, HFD plus 20% SPI, HFD plus 30% SPI, HFD plus 10% WPI, HFD plus 20% WPI, and HFD plus 30% WPI. After 12 weeks of feeding, compared with the WPI groups, serum concentration of insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and liver weight were significantly lower in the SPI groups. Compared with the WPI groups, the mRNA levels of , , and were significantly higher, and those of , , and were significantly lower in the liver in the SPI groups. In the liver or gastrocnemius muscle, compared with the WPI groups, the mRNA levels of , , and were significantly higher, and those of and were significantly lower, and the protein levels of GLUT4, p-AMPKα/AMPKα, p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT were significantly higher, and those of p-IRS-1/IRS-1, p-mTOR/mTOR and p-S6K1/S6K1 were significantly lower in the SPI groups. The Chao1 and ACE indices were higher, and the relative abundance of and was lower in the SPI groups than those in the WPI groups. In conclusion, soy protein was more effective than whey protein in preventing IR in HFD-fed mice by regulating lipid metabolism, the AMPK/mTOR pathway, and gut microbiota.
大豆蛋白和乳清蛋白补充剂对血糖调节的影响结果并不一致。本研究旨在探讨大豆分离蛋白（SPI）和乳清分离蛋白（WPI）对高脂饮食（HFD）诱导的胰岛素抵抗的预防作用及其潜在的分子机制。雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠随机分为七组（每组 12 只）：正常对照组、HFD 加 10% SPI、HFD 加 20% SPI、HFD 加 30% SPI、HFD 加 10% WPI、HFD 加 20% WPI 和 HFD 加 30% WPI。喂养 12 周后，与 WPI 组相比，SPI 组血清胰岛素浓度、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）和肝重显著降低。与 WPI 组相比，SPI 组肝脏中 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 和 的 mRNA 水平显著升高， 、 、 、 和 的 mRNA 水平显著降低。在肝脏或比目鱼肌中，与 WPI 组相比，SPI 组的 、 、 、 、 、 和 的 mRNA 水平显著升高， 、 和 的 mRNA 水平显著降低，GLUT4、p-AMPKα/AMPKα、p-PI3K/PI3K 和 p-AKT/AKT 的蛋白水平显著升高，而 p-IRS-1/IRS-1、p-mTOR/mTOR 和 p-S6K1/S6K1 的蛋白水平显著降低。SPI 组的 Chao1 和 ACE 指数较高，而 和 的相对丰度较低。综上所述，与 WPI 相比，SPI 更能通过调节脂代谢、AMPK/mTOR 通路和肠道微生物群来预防 HFD 喂养小鼠的 IR。
